Paper

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Logs are saturated with water and de-barked, then ground down to soften lignin, and made to groundwood pulp. Can be used for lower grade paper so is bleached and peroxide. 90% yield as the whole log is used. Is used to make newspapers
Mechanical Pulp
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De-bark logs and cut to 2cm chips along grain, pound to fragments and then screen. The pulp is stored and treated with acid/alkali to break down lignin. Higher quality with longer fibers and fewer impurities, waste lignin can be burnt as a fuel oil .
Chemical Pulp
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Recycled paper and board used for pulp often lower grades of paper, often mixed with virgin pulp to produce better qualitity paper, as fibres become shortened and weaker and lose quality. sustainable as it makes use of recycled papers
Waste Pulp
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Can be added to improve water resistance, to prevent ink from bleeding or feathering on surface
Sizing Agent
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Wood pulp dialuted to 99% water, to form slurry held in a head box, A continuous stream is pumped through a slit on a moving guaze wire belt to drain water and allow fibres to interweave
Wet end
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Uses a system of rollers that wrong out the majority of excess water, and strenches pulp to rough paper. The gap between rollers is adjusted to allow differing thicknesses
Press Section
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Dries paper using steam heated rollers to remove moisture, until the water content is 4-6%. Sizing agents, starches and resins are added here
Dryer section
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Series of rollers that the paper is fed in order to smooth it out for uniform thickness. The pressure applied determines the finish of the paper.
Calendar Section
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50gsm, thin translucent paper with a smooth surface, used for sketching and developing ideas and marker rendering. Allows tracing through to another sheet, accepts most drawing media, relatively expensive.
Layout Paper
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60-90gsm, thin translucent paper with a smooth surface, pale gret appearence, prefered by draughtsmen, allows tracing through to another paper to develop ideas, heavier weight can be expensive
Tracing Paper
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80gsm, lightweight quality paper, good bleached surface, used for printing/photocopying for laser/inkjet printers, general use for sketching/writing. bright white and available in different colors, inexpensive when bought in bulk
Copier Paper
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120-150gsm, creamy white with smooth surface, slight texture, good general drawing paper, heavier weights accept paints, completely opaque, more expensive than copier
Cartridge Paper
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50gsm, high quality, durable writing paper often with a watermark, name from original use in government bonds, used letterheads/stationary and paper for electronic printers, widely used for pen,pencil and felt tip work. Inexpensive when bulk purchase
Bond Paper
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70-300gsm, covered with suspension of china clay pigment and adhesive for smooth surface finish, used for a wide range of high quality printing, the coating fills minute pits between fibers, range of finishes available, relatively expensive
Coated paper
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220gsm, made from waste pulp, used in environmentally friendly products, disposable items and inner packaging, lower quality than paper made from virgin pulp, flecked appearance and low quality, can be coloured, inexpensive
Recycled card
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1000-1500 microns, thick board with colour on one side, used for mounting work or for displays, very high quality, strong and rigid, available in a range of colours, expensive
Mounting Board
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Used extensively in retail packaging, must be suitable for high quality, high speed printing and cutting, creasing and glueing. Advantages include graphics coverage and excellent print quality, protection in structural packaging nets.
Cartonboards
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Usually bleached virgin pulp top surface, unbleached middle and bleached inside layer, widely used for food packaging, excellent for scoring, bending and creasing without splitting, good printing surface, relatively inexpensive
Folding Boxboard
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Fluted paper layer between two paper liners, used protective packaging for fragiel goods, most commonly used in boxes, excellent impact resistance and strength to weight, low cost, recyclable, relatively inexpensive
Corrugated Board
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Entirely from pure bleached food pulp, used for packaging for frozen foods, pharmaceuticals, very strong and rigid, excellent printing surface, expensive
Solid Whiteboard
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Laminated foil coating, foil available in matt, gloss, gold and silver, used in cosmetic cartons, prepacked food, very strong visual impact, foil provides moisture barrier, expensive
Foil-lined board
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

De-bark logs and cut to 2cm chips along grain, pound to fragments and then screen. The pulp is stored and treated with acid/alkali to break down lignin. Higher quality with longer fibers and fewer impurities, waste lignin can be burnt as a fuel oil .

Back

Chemical Pulp

Card 3

Front

Recycled paper and board used for pulp often lower grades of paper, often mixed with virgin pulp to produce better qualitity paper, as fibres become shortened and weaker and lose quality. sustainable as it makes use of recycled papers

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Can be added to improve water resistance, to prevent ink from bleeding or feathering on surface

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Wood pulp dialuted to 99% water, to form slurry held in a head box, A continuous stream is pumped through a slit on a moving guaze wire belt to drain water and allow fibres to interweave

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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