judging all ppl in terms of own cultural assumption and any cultural differences in behav. seen as abnormal
1 of 24
what are the 2 types of bias? what do they mean?
alpha (big difference between cultural groups) beta (ignores/minimises differences
2 of 24
what is ethnocentrism?
belief that own ethnic group superior to others
3 of 24
what is cultural relativism?
the opinion that findings from one culture only make sense from the perspective/context of that culture.
4 of 24
what is the etic-emic distinction?
etic = behaviour from outside a culture and is assumed to be universal, emic = behaviour from inside culture and specific only to that culture
5 of 24
what is gender bias?
when research gives a view which doesn't justifiably represent the difference between experience/behaviours in men and women
6 of 24
what is universality in terms of gender bias?
when research applies equally to both genders despite differences in experience and upbringing.
7 of 24
what is androcentrism?
research based on males used to apply to females and creates biased view as assumed to be norm for both.
8 of 24
what is free- will?
when humans choose their behaviour and influences such as environmental or biological factors can be rejected
9 of 24
what is determinism?
theory that free will is an illusion and that an individual's behaviour is controlled by internal/external forces. our behaviour is predictable.
10 of 24
what is hard and soft determinism?
hard = completely controlled by external sources, soft = only controlled by externals to an extent
11 of 24
what is biological determinism?
behaviour fully caused by internal biological factors e.g. genes and hormones that are not under our control
12 of 24
what is environmental determinism?
our behaviour is caused by past experiences and external forces in the environment
13 of 24
what is psychic determinism?
unconscious and innate features drive and control our behaviour
14 of 24
what is the nature-nurture debate?
the extent to which aspects of behaviour are a product of inherited (genes etc) or acquired (nature) characteristics
15 of 24
what is nativism?
this is the nature side of the debate and argues we are born with characteristics which are innate
16 of 24
what is empiricism?
nurture side of debate and established concept of 'tabula rasa': we are born as a blank slate and experience forms our personality
17 of 24
what is the interactionist approach?
looks at how nature and nurture influence each other, doesn't argue one side. Diathesis stress model - psychopathology caused by genes but triggered by environment.
18 of 24
what is reductionism?
belief that human behaviour can be explained by breaking it down into smaller components
19 of 24
what is holism?
any approach that looks at the whole behaviour rather than it's constituent parts
20 of 24
what is the idiographic approach?
focuses on the uniqueness of the individual and looks at details of behaviour in depth.
21 of 24
what is the nomothetic approach?
aims to establish laws and generalisations that apply to many people
22 of 24
what are the ethical implications of socially sensitive research?
research that may be controversial e.g about sexuality/race may have consequences for social groups as gives scientific credibility for prejudice
23 of 24
when do ethical issues arise?
when theres a conflict between getting valid and valuable results and preserving the rights and dignity of people
24 of 24
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what are the 2 types of bias? what do they mean?
Back
alpha (big difference between cultural groups) beta (ignores/minimises differences
Comments
No comments have yet been made