1. Where can nociceptors be found ? and where is it lacking
1. Cornea, tooth pulp- where pain is the predominant sensation. Lacking in brain, liver, lung, parenchyma
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2. What are nociceptors classified by?
2. Parent axon, stimulus
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3. What are the parent axons? What kind of pain is asscocited with each
3. a delta – fine myelinated afferents: fast pain, sharp. C fibres- fine unmyelinated afferents: slow pain, burning
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4. What are the 2 types of a fibre nociceptors?
4. A delta mechanical nociceptors and a delta polymodal nociceptors
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5. What receptor is activated by 52 degrees?
5. TRPV2
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6. What substance activates nociceptive nerve endings?
6. ATP, H+, K+
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7. What substances activate or sensitize nociceptive nerve endings?
7. Histamine, serotonin, bradykinin
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8. What receptor and channel does H+ activate?
8. TRPV1 receptor and ASIC
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9. When is serotonin released?
9. Released by degranulation of mast cells and platelet aggregation
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10. Where is substance P present? What is its role? Where is it released from?
10. Present in fine peripheral fibres. Role in central transmission . released from free nerve endings- vasodilation, mast cell degranulation, axon reflex
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11. What is hyperalgesia and allodynia?
11. Exaggerated response to a noxious/ nociceptive stimuls. Allodynia- pain produced by a stimulus that would not normally produce pain
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12. What are cox inhibitors?
12. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, ibuprofen, indomethacin
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13. Where is the site of receptors for pain and cold?
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