P6: Molecules And Matter:

?
  • Created by: cieran_10
  • Created on: 17-01-18 00:07
What is density?
The mass per unit volume of an object.
1 of 52
What are the units for density?
kg/m3 or g/cm3.
2 of 52
What happens to objects that have a lower density than the liquid they are submerged in?
They will float.
3 of 52
How many g/cm3 are in kg/m3?
1000.
4 of 52
Name the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas.
5 of 52
What type of change are changes in state and why?
Physical changes; there are no new substances produced.
6 of 52
What happens to the number of particles when a substance changes state and why is this?
It stays the same; the mass of the substance is the same before and after the change of state.
7 of 52
What do particles in a solid do? (2.)
Vibrate around a fixed position, meaning they have a fixed shape.
8 of 52
What do particles in a liquid do? (4.)
They come in contact with one-another regularly and this is random, meaning it doesn't have a fixed shape and it can therefore flow.
9 of 52
What do particles in a gas do? (4.)
They are far apart and move randomly and much faster than particles in a liquid. This means that that density of a gas is much less than those in a solid or liquid.
10 of 52
What state if matter has the least energy?
The solid state.
11 of 52
What state of matter has the most energy?
The gas state.
12 of 52
What is the melting/freezing point?
The temperate when a solid become a liquid/a liquid becomes a solid.
13 of 52
What is the boiling/condensing point?
The temperature when a liquid becomes a gas/when a gas becomes a liquid.
14 of 52
What is boiling?
When a liquid becomes a gas when it reaches its boiling point.
15 of 52
What is evaporation?
When a liquid becomes a gas when before it reaches its boiling point.
16 of 52
What can impurities do to a substance's melting and boiling points?
Change them.
17 of 52
What is latent heat? (2.)
The energy that must be transferred to a substance, to change its state.
18 of 52
For a temperature against time graph, what does a flat line show?
The melting and boiling points of the substance in question.
19 of 52
Does the temperature of the substance change when a change in state is happening?
No.
20 of 52
What is internal energy? (3.)
It is the total kinetic energy and potential energy stores of the particles in a substance.
21 of 52
Why do particles, in a substance, have kinetic energy?
Due to their individual positions relative to each other.
22 of 52
What happens when the temperature of a substance increases, in terms of internal energy and particles?
The energy increases of the particles, meaning that the internal energy increases.
23 of 52
What happens when the total kinetic energy- of the particles- increases?
The substance's temperature increases.
24 of 52
What happens to the potential energy, when a substance changes state?
The particle's potential energy increases.
25 of 52
For a solid, what type of force of attraction are there between the particles?
Strong ones.
26 of 52
What happens when a solid is heated, in terms of particles? (3.)
The particle's energy stores increase, giving the particles more energy to vibrate more vigorously.
27 of 52
What are the forces of attraction like in a liquid?
They are weaker than in a solid.
28 of 52
What do the forces of attraction in a liquid stop the particles from doing?
Moving completely away from one-another.
29 of 52
What shows that the forces of attraction in a liquid are not as string as in a solid?
As the particles can move freely TO AN EXTENT.
30 of 52
What happens when a liquid is heated?
Some of its particles gain enough energy to break from the other particles and enter into a gas state.
31 of 52
What are the forces of attraction in a gas like and what does this mean?
Negligible, this means that the particles of gas are completely away from each other.
32 of 52
What happens when a gas is heated? (2.)
Its particles have more kinetic energy transferred to them (from the thermal energy) and therefore move faster.
33 of 52
What two things do gases collide with, when in a container?
The walls of their container and each other.
34 of 52
What happens when the gas particles collide with things and what does this cause?
They exert a force and this causes pressure in the container that they are held in.
35 of 52
What is the latent heat of fusion? (2.)
It is the energy required for a substance to change from a solid to a gas state, without a change in temperature.
36 of 52
What happens to the latent heat of fusion if a substance changes from a gas to a liquid
It heats the surroundings/gets transferred to the surroundings.
37 of 52
What is the specific latent heat of fusion? (3.)
It is the energy required to change 1kg of a substance from a solid to a liquid, without a temperature change.
38 of 52
What is the latent heat of fusion? (2.)
It is the amount of energy required to change from a liquid to a vapour without a temperature change.
39 of 52
What happens to the latent heat of vaporisation if the substances changes from a gas to a liquid?
It heats the surroundings/is transferred to the surroundings.
40 of 52
What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation? (3.)
It is the energy required to change 1kg of a given liquid into a vapour, with not change in temperature.
41 of 52
What two pieces of apparatus can be used to measure the specific latent heat of fusion and vaporisation?
A joulemeter and a heater.
42 of 52
What can these be used for? (3.)
To melt a given weight of ice or boil a given weight of water (and watch the weight decrease) and to measure how many Joules this takes.
43 of 52
How do particles in a as move?
At high speeds, in random directions.
44 of 52
How many gas particle collisions are there every second?
Millions.
45 of 52
What is pressure?
It is the force per unit area.
46 of 52
What happens if the pressure of a gas in sealed container increases? Give two. (5.)
The gas particles move faster and collide with the container walls with more force, meaning the pressure will increase further and there are more regular collisions with the wall per second, meaning the pressure will increase further.
47 of 52
Complete the rule: as the temperature of a gas increases, the pressure of the gas...
....also increases.
48 of 52
How can it be proven that gas particles move about randomly?
By using a microscope to look at smoke particles in a smoke cell.
49 of 52
In a smoke cell, what causes the smoke particles to move about randomly?
Their collisions wit the air particles.
50 of 52
What is the official name given to the random movement of particles?
Brownian Motion.
51 of 52
How is the movement of a smoke particle in a glass smoke cell random?
As the air particles push it around.
52 of 52

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the units for density?

Back

kg/m3 or g/cm3.

Card 3

Front

What happens to objects that have a lower density than the liquid they are submerged in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How many g/cm3 are in kg/m3?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name the three states of matter?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Physics resources:

See all Physics resources »See all States Of Matter And Molecules: resources »