P5 0.0 / 5 ? FunPhysicsFunNone Created by: sotes003.302Created on: 18-03-19 21:07 Direct Current - Current that flows in only one constant direction around the circuit 1 of 19 Alternating Current - Current that constantly changes direction as it flows around the circuit 2 of 19 UK mains - Current, Frequency , Voltage Alternating current / Frequency = 50 Hz / Potential Difference = 325V 3 of 19 The National Grid - Step Up Transformers Travels from Power stations to national grid / Travels at high voltage to decrease the resistance to make it more efficient / 25000V - 132000V 4 of 19 The National Grid - Step Down Transformers Supplies energy from the National Grid to homes and buildings / Reduces the voltage so that it is suitable for houses 5 of 19 UK Plugs - UK uses three pin plugs / The plug contains three wires 6 of 19 Name 3 Wires in a UK Plug - Live wire / Neutral wire / Earth wire 7 of 19 Live Wire - Brown / Carries alternating potential difference 8 of 19 Neutral Wire - Blue / Completes the circuit and carries away the current 9 of 19 Earth Wire - Yellow and Green stripes / Stays at 0V / Prevents casing going live / Shouldn't carry any current 10 of 19 Plugs - Design and Structure - Pins are metal - usually brass / Case is an insulator - usually plastic / Plug contains a suitable fuse / Cables have a plastic or rubber casing 11 of 19 Explain Short Circuiting - When the live wire inside an appliance touches the neutral wire, a large current passes through is causing the fuse to blow to cut the circuit 12 of 19 Fuses in Plugs - Plugs use a suitable fuse : (3A , 5A , 13A) 13 of 19 Power (Eq 1) = Energy / time 14 of 19 Power (Eq 2) = Potential Difference * Current 15 of 19 Power (Eq 3) = Current² * Resistance 16 of 19 Charge Flow (Q) = Current (I) * Time (t) 17 of 19 Resistors in a circuit - When charge flows through a resistor... ... Energy is transferred to the resistor causing it to heat up 18 of 19 Efficiency = (Output Power / Total Input Power ) * 100 19 of 19
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