P3

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what is happening to the global demand for energy?
it's increasing
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what are the primary sources of energy?
fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, biofuels, wind, waves and radiation from the Sun
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what type of energy source is electricity
secondary
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some power stations release fossil fuels, what does this release?
carbon dioxide
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what is power measured in?
watts
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define power.
the rate at which an appliance transfers energy
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energy transfer has two units, what are they?
joules (j) and kilowatt per hour (kwh)
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why do domestic meters measure kilowatt hours and not joules?
a joule is a very small amount of energy
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what is conservation of energy?
total energy supplied equal to total energy transferred
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what is efficiency
percentage of useful energy transferred
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name four ways in which you as an idividual can reduce energy usage
loft insulation, double glazing, switch off unused lights, turn the heating down
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name four ways in which we as a nation can reduce energy usage
provide grants/loands for loft insulation, improve public transport, increase tax on vehicles that use a lot of fuel, promotional TV adverts.
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why is electricity a useful type of energy?
it is easily transmitted over distances and can be used in different ways.
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what produces electricity?
generators
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how does current produced by a generator determine how much fuel it uses?
the more current produced, the more fuel is used
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state how a power station produces electricity.
fuel is burnt, heats up water, produces steam which spins a turbine which is attached to a generator
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what waste do nuclear power stations produce?
nuclear waste
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what does ionising mean?
removal of an electron from an atom to produce an ion.
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what are the effects of ionising radiation?
cancer
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what is contamination?
radiation on your skin, clothing, being breathed in or eaten.
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what is irradiation
radiation from an external source, you can walk away from it
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what is the mains electrical voltage?
230V
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why does the national grid use high voltage?
less current, so less heating of wires, so less energy lost
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why is CO2 a problem for the environment
global warming
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what is biomass/biofuel?
fuel from plant or animal matter
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what is hydroelectricity?
using water trapped by a dam to produce electricity
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what is geothermal energy?
using heat inside the earth to produce electricity
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state two advantages of wind power
no waste/pollution is produced,once constructed the running costs are low
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state two disadvantages of wind power
no wind means there is no power, can be unsightly and produce low level nise constantly
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state two advantages of biofuel
fuel is cheap, recycles waste products
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give two disadvantages of biofuel
still produces CO2, collecting waste can be difficult
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state two advantages of solar power
no pollution, once installed electricity is free
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state two disadvantages of solar power
no sun means no power, availability of suitable sites for the panel
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state two advantages of hydroelectricity
no waste or pollution, electricity can be constantly produced
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state two disadvantages of hydroelectricity
expensive to build, area needs to be flooded to produce reservoir
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state two advantages of waves and tides
no waste or pollution, once built running costs are very low
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state two disadvantages of waves and tides
causes hazards to ships, can affect environment where the equipment is installed
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state two advantages of geothermal
no pollution, low running costs
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state two disadvantages of geothermal
difficult to find suitable sites, difficult to drill boreholes
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state two advantages if fossil fuels
reliable way to produce electricity, known technology
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state two disadvantages of fossil fuels
produces carbon dioxide, running out due to non-renewable
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state two advantages of nuclear power
doesn't produce carbon dioxide, only a small amount of fuel is needed to produce lots of electricity
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state two disadvantages of nuclear power
nuclear waste, only suitable for a large scale
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what are the primary sources of energy?

Back

fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, biofuels, wind, waves and radiation from the Sun

Card 3

Front

what type of energy source is electricity

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

some power stations release fossil fuels, what does this release?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is power measured in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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