P2 - Radiation and Life

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What is the order of the Electromagnetic spectrum?
Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultra Violet, X-ray, Gamma
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Does the frequency, and therefore photon energy, increase of decrease as you go long the electromagnetic spectrum?
Increases
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What is something that emits electromagnetic radiation?
A source
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What happens to the frequency of thermal (heat) radiation as tempertaure increases?
It increases
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What speed to all ELECTROMAGNETIC radiation waves travel at ?
300 000km/s or 3 x 10^8 m/s
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What are radio waves used for and why?
They are used for communication in mobile phones, because they can travel log distnces as they weakly absorbed by the atmosphere.
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Why are radio waves widely used for communication?
They are weakly absorbed by the atmophere. This means that they can travel long distances without being distrupted.
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What waves are used for wat type of communication?
Radio - Tv, and radio Microwaves - Mobile phones and satellite communication Infrared - Tv remote control and night vision cameras
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Explain why digiatl signals are better than analogue signals
Digital signals use binary so they are either on or off so when they are transmitted the regenerator can tell what type of signal it is. When analogue signals are amplified they are less clear because they are at varying heights.
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What is the heating effect?
When waves don't have enough energy to ionise, they transfer energy to heat up the substance.
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How does a microwave work?
Microwaves are emitted and they travel through the food heaing them up with the heating effect because the water molecules vibrate.
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What part of the food heats up first in a microwave?
The centre of teh food because this is where the higghest concentration of microwaves is because they all meet in the middle
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How does infrared radiation link to the greenhouse effect?
theh infrared radiation from the sun enters our atmosphere, and because of the gases (CH4, 02, CO2), most of this can't excape so warms the planet.
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What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + H20 = C6 H12 02 +602
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What is the equation for respiration?
C6 H12 02 + 602 = 6CO2 + H20
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Briefly explain the carbon cycle.
co2 in atmosphere - respiration - photosynthesis - animals decompose fossil fuels - combustion
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Name 3 things that contribute to global warming.
Burning of fossiil fuels, deforestation, industry
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What are the effects of global warming?
rise in temperature, rising in sea level, melt ce caps, animals will migrate away from ice caps, flooding, densly populated
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What is refraction?
th eangle of light changes through a transparent object.
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Angle of reflection = angle of ?
incidence
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What is the role of tehh ozon elayer in the atmosphere?
It absorbs UV radiation from the sun, so protects us from getting cancer.
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What chemical foundin fridges and aerosols is destroying the ozone layer?
chloroflurocarbons (CFC's)
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Is damage to the ozone layer reverisbe?
Yes, but would take decades
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How does a high SPF protect us?
It protects us from UV radiation.
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What is ionsing radiation?
Radiation that has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms in its path. They can damage living cells.
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Which radiation on th electromagnetic spectrum is ionising?
Ultra Violet, X-ray, Gamma
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How do x-rays work?
The rays can't travel through bone, so these show up on the image.
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How do medical staff protect themsleves from radiation?
Exposure card, lead aprons, behind a screen
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What is gamma radiation used for?
It is used for curing cancer.
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How is gamma radiation used for cancer treatment?
Lots of small doses or gamma rays are aimed at the cancerous tissue to meet and destroy them.
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In cancer treatmnet, why do the use lots of small doses of gamma?
If there are lots of small doese of gamma then they wont ionise any cells creating more cancer, but will meet in the cancerous tissue to destroy them. if there was one big does then this gamma rays woul dionise all the cells in its path creating more
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Does the frequency, and therefore photon energy, increase of decrease as you go long the electromagnetic spectrum?

Back

Increases

Card 3

Front

What is something that emits electromagnetic radiation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens to the frequency of thermal (heat) radiation as tempertaure increases?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What speed to all ELECTROMAGNETIC radiation waves travel at ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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