P1 - The Earth and the Universe

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How many planets are their in our solar system? How do they travel around the sun?
Earth is one of eight planets which orbit the sun in almost circular paths.
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As well as other the planets, what other objects orbit the sun?
Smaller bodies such as asteroids, comets and dwarf planets orbit the sun as well as the planets.
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How was the universe formed?
The solar system was formed over very long periods from clouds of gases and dust in space about 5 thousand million years ago.
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How many stars are there in the milky way galaxy?
The sun is one of thousands of millions of stars in the milky way.
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What makes up the universe?
Thousands of millions of galaxies each with thousands of millions of stars in them make up the universe.
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Where does scientist's evidense about other stars come from.
All the evidence we have about distant stars and galaxies comes from the radiation they emit.
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What is the speed of light in the vacuum of space
Light travels at the high but finite speed of 300,000 km/s in the vacuum of space.
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What is a light year?
The distance that light travels in a year.
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How does the speed of ligh effect how we view distant objects.
Very distant objects are viewed as they were in the past, when the light we can see left them.
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Name a way that the distance of a star can measured.
Using Paralax.
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Name another way that the distance of a star can be measured and how this method works.
Using relative brightness: the further away the star the dimmer it appears.
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What atmospheric conditions can effect observation of the stars?
Light pollution and bad weather can effect how the stars are viewed from earth.
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What is the source of the sun's energy?
The nuclear fusion of hydrogen nuclei.
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Where are all elements with atoms heavier than helium made?
These elements are made in stars.
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What does redshift in the light coming from stars suggest to us?
Redshift suggests that distant galaxies are moving away from us.
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What is the relationship between the speed a galaxy is moving away from us and the distance it is from us?
The further away a galaxy is the faster it is moving away from us.
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What does the motion of the galaxies suggest.
That the universe is expanding.
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What are the relative ages of the sun, the earth and the universe?
The universe is aproximately 14 billion years old. The earth 4.5 million years old. The sun is 6 billion years old.
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What do scientists believe began the universe?
Scientists beilieve that the universe started 14 thousand million years ago with the big-bang.
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Why is the future of the universe hard to predict?
Predicting the future of the universe is hard to predict because of the difficulties in measuring the very large distances involved and in the mass of the universe and studying the motion of very distant objects.
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How is wave frequency, in Hertz (Hz) measured?
Hertz are the number of waves each second that are made by the source or pass through any particular point.
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What is wave length?
The distance between two corresponding points on adjacent cycles.
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What is amplitude?
The distance between maximum displacement to the undisturbed position.
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What is the equation for wave speed?
Wave speed = Frequency x Wave length
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How is wave length related to the frequency when wave length is constant?
For a constant wave speed the wavelength of the wave is inversely proportion to the frequency.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

As well as other the planets, what other objects orbit the sun?

Back

Smaller bodies such as asteroids, comets and dwarf planets orbit the sun as well as the planets.

Card 3

Front

How was the universe formed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How many stars are there in the milky way galaxy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What makes up the universe?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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