P1 - Matter definitions

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Bohr model of the atom
A model that explains why electrons in orbit do not spiral in to the centre of the atom.
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Change of state
The process of moving from one physical state to another, for example, melting
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Chemical reaction
Process in which substances react to form different substances - irreversible
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Degree celsius (°C)
A unit of temperature
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Density
Mass ÷ volume, usually measured in Kg/m
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Electron
Subatomic particle surrounding the nucleus of an atom. It has a relative charge of -1, and a very small.
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Electron shells
The orbits around an atom that are allowed for electrons in the Bohr model
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Gas pressure
The pressure exerted by a gas due to the collisions of the particles in the gas with the container
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Internal energy
The energy of a system because of the arrangement and movement of the particles in it
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Joules (J)
The unit of energy
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Kelvin (K)
A unit of temperature
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Mass
The amount of matter, usually measured in kilograms
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Neutrons
Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has no charge and a relative mass of 1
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Nucleus
The small centre of an atom made up of protons and neutrons
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Pacals (Pa)
The unit of pressure, 1 Pa is equal to 1 N/m
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Physical changes
Change, such as a change of state, that does not result a new substance being made - reversible
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Plum pudding model of the atom
Outdated model of the atom in which electrons are embedded in a sphere of positive charge
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Protons
Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has a relative charge of +1 and a relative mass of 1
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Rutherford model of the atom
A model with a positively charged nucleus and electrons in orbit around it
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Specific heat capacity (J/Kg)
The energy required to raise the temperature of 1 Kg of a substance by 1 K
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Specific heat of fusion
The energy required to fuse or melt 1 Kg of a substance
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Specific heat of vaporisation
The energy required to vaporise or condense 1 Kg of a substance
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Temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in in a material. It does not depend on the amount of material that you have.
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Volume
The amount of space an object takes up, usually measured in m cubed
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Change of state

Back

The process of moving from one physical state to another, for example, melting

Card 3

Front

Chemical reaction

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Degree celsius (°C)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Density

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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