P1

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What is temperature
measurement of how hot something is
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what is heat
a form of energy
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What is specific heat capacity
the amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1kg of material by 1 degrees celsius
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what is specific latent heat
amount of energy required to melt or boil 1kg of a material
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why does the temperature of an object not change when it is changing state
the energy supplied is used to break intermolecular bonds (instead of raising temp)
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what is a conductor
something that allows heat energy to spread through them quickly
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example of a good conductor of heat
metals
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what are insulators and give an example
materials that allow heat energy to spread through them much more slowly eg plastic
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What is a convection current of heat
air warms up becomes less dense and rises. Air cools and becomes more dense and sinks, the cooler air replaces the air which has risen
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how does infrared radiation work
reflected by shiny surfaces and absorbed by dark matte surfaces
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how does a hot water tank reduce heat loss
made of stainless steel, which reduces heat loss by radiation (hest is reflected)
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what does loft insulation reduce and how
heat loss from conduction and convection by trapping layers of air.
12 of 51
what does wall cavities reduce and how
conduction and convection by trapping air
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what does double glazing reduce and how
heat loss from conduction and convection by trapping air between the panes of glass
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what do draught excluders reduce and how
heat loss from convection by keeping as much warm air inside.
15 of 51
what is energy efficiency
how good an appliance is at converting input energy into uself output energy
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what is conduction
transfer oh heat through a substance from a hotter region to a cooler region without moving the actual substance
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what is conduction
transfer of heat through same substance from a hotter region to a cooler region
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what is radiation
transfer of heat by EM waves
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what is frequency
amout of waves per second
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when a ray of light hits a shiny surface what happens
it is reflected
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why does refraction happen
the wave changes speed
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what is diffraction and why does it happen
when a wave spreads out because it has passed through a narrow opening about the size of its wavelength
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what form of communication is morse code
digital
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what do optical fibres carry
pulses of light
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how does light travel through an optical fibre
total internal reflection
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what is a critical angle
the max angle at which light can be refracted before it starts to reflect
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what happens when the angle of incidence is bigger than the critical angle
total internal reflection takes place
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advantage and disadvantage of using light for communication
fast but requires optical fibres
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adv and disadv of using radio waves for communication
can travel further but the signals can be lost
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adv and disadv of using electrical signals for communication
reliable but require wires
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how do microwaves cook food
they penetrate about 1cm into the food and are absorbed by water and fat
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3 reasons microwave signals can become poor
large obstacles blocking line of sight, weather, signal getting weaker as it gets further
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2 things infrared waves can be used for when transmitting signals
remotes and wifi
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two types of signals
digital and analogue
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what are the two states of a digital signal
1 & 0
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what is multiplexing
where two or more digital signals can be sent down the same fibre
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why can electromagnetic radiation be used to send info without optical fibres
it can be reflected and refracted in the same way as visible light
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3 advantages of wifi
no wiring needed, portable, signals on the move
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3 things long-distance communication depends on
reflection, refraction and diffraction
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what is the ionosphere
electrically charged layer in the earths upper atmosphere
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what does the ionosphere do to longer wavelengths
reflects them
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how does diffraction effect the signal quality
changes direction and intensity of waves
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what is dab
digital audio broadcasting
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2 advantages to DAB
less interference and more stations can be transmitted
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what type of waves are primary waves and what can they travel through
longitudinal, travel through liquids and solids
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and secondary waves
transverse travel only through solids
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3 things the earth is made up of
crust, mantle, core
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what does the ozone layer do
prevents too many harmful UV rays reaching the earth
49 of 51
what are the parts of the Em spectrum
gamma, x-ray, Uv, light, infrared, microwave , radio waves
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3 properties of lasers
same frequency, in phase & do not diverge
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is heat

Back

a form of energy

Card 3

Front

What is specific heat capacity

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is specific latent heat

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

why does the temperature of an object not change when it is changing state

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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