Osteoarthritis

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  • Created by: Belle
  • Created on: 14-05-13 14:18
Definition
Osteoarthritis is a form of arthritis, due to genetics, environmental or age related factors. Degeneration of joint cartilage and underlying bone.
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Causes
Age 50+, women, damage to ligaments or tendons, wear/tear of joints or bones, joint injury, damage to cartilage, thickening and broadening of bones, build up of fluid in the joints due to inflammation.
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Symptoms
Mild inflammation in and around joints, pain, damage to cartilage which allows joint to move smoothly, bone growth that develops around joints, stiffness, limited range of movement.
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Progression
No cure, symptoms can be eased with treatments, exercise, wear appropriate footwear, physio, weight loss, medications, surgery such as hip replacement.
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Physical impact
Poor movement due to bad joints, excruciating pain, lack of mobility, stiffness in joints, lack of flexibility, tired when doing tasks due to lack of mobility.
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Emotional
Knowing they cant leave house and isolated from others can cause depression if no one visits, also knowing they have to leave their job can cause sadness
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Social
Social exclusion and isolation as cant get out of house and socialise, family and friends may become annoyed that they cant go out, so may stop asking or visiting.
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Financial
Low income or no income due to having time off or leaving job, living on benefits, retiring early, some aids/adaptations may not be provided for free, high protein diet so high cost of foods, high cost of travel as cant walk.
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Effects on parent/carer
Carer become stressed knowing they have low income, worried about how they are coping.
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Employment barriers: Lack of opportunities due to discrimination
People with OA may have lack of opportunities when applying for jobs as they cant do anything physically challenging, so limited variety of jobs. Employers may discriminate against people with OA if they think they are unable to do anything, no job.
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Employment barrier: Lack of flexibility
May have lack of flexibility due to limited mobility, miss days off work due to bad day, not be able to be flexible, could lose job.
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Societal barrier: Resulting from ignorance, prejudice and discrimination
May receive abuse from others and be treated different due to condition, causing barrier as may lose friends and not like way they are treated so refrain from socialising.
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Societal barrier: Social exclusion
Lack of mobility, cant leave home so become socially excluded. Only socialise if someone visits, can be excluded if friends dont invite them out due to them knowing they say no.
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Societal barrier: Low expectations of ability
People in society think if you have a condition you cannot do what others can, despite only their fine motor skills affected, not gross skills.
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Societal barrier: Societal expectations
People with OA may have expectations, from the society that people should conform to like having a job. They may have had to quit due to lack of mobility or discomfort.
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Economic barrier: potential loss of earnings
May have loss of earning if cant work anymore and had to leave job, due to lack of mobility being severe, so cant do everyday tasks.
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Economic barrier: Requirement for specialist support not provided by state
People with OA might need equipment like aids/adaptations to help with mobility, like opening jars, might not be provided by state, so might have to pay for it themselves, might not be able to afford due to leaving job so have to survive without it.
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Economic barrier: Lack of access to benefits
People with OA might have lack of access so cant afford basic essential items.
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Economic barrier: Access to benefits
People with OA might have access of benefits if had to quit job due to illness so can afford essentials.
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Environmental barrier: Physical access to and within buildings
People with OA have limited mobility so cannot get up flights of stairs, or if it didnt have wheelchair access, some individuals cant enter. If no elevators, they cannot access within the building.
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Environmental barrier: Access to public and private transport
Having access to public/private transport can be hard if have to walk a long way to access it due to lack of mobility, so couldnt get out anywhere.
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Environmental barrier: Poor accessibility of services
People with OA can have bad accessibility like transport, bus stop may be a long way from their home and cannot access due to lack of mobility.
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Risks: Stress
People with OA may be stressed due to leaving job and have lack of income, causing stress for them and family.
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Risks: Isolation/social exclusion
People with OA may be isolated or excluded if have bad mobility and cant get out of their home and socialise.
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Legislation: Equality act
Education and employment, protects from being discriminated, provides legal rights for people. Relevant for OA ensures that they arent discriminated against and if they are then action can be done about it, helps protect them and feel safe.
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Legislation: Care standards act
Promotes high standards of care and protects vulnerable people, includes domiciliary care etc. Relevant for OA as helps them to recieve highest standard of care, engaging in conversation during domiciliary care, explaining what they do before hand.
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Policies: workplace bullying policy
Protects as ensures they arent discriminated against, if they are then employer can take actions against it.
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Risk assessments
Risk assessments are essential when employing someone with OA to ensure they are protected and safe at all times, like knowing where nearest exit and lifts are.
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Service provision:domiciliary care
People with OA might require this to help with everyday activities and jobs around the house, like cleaning, washing, eating, shopping. Allows them to stay in own home, however, may have to pay for it.
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Service provision: Day care
People with OA might require day care, travel to day centre and socialise with others, providing social contact that they might not receive otherwise. Might have to use public transport, but might not be able to access it.
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Service provision: Residential care
People with OA might need it if its progressed to a late stage, if unable to stay in own home, would be provided range of services on long term basis. Receive supervision and personal care, but might be expensive to pay for.
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Practitioners: Physio
Help by providing exercises to help maximise the mobility of their joints. Provided by health care sector, state or privately.
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Practitioners: dietician
Help by providing diet plan, for high protein diet, helping joints to reduce stiffness and maintain healthy weight to minimise pressure on joints. Provided by state or private.
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Practitioners: GP
Help by providing with painkillers by helping reduce pain and discomfort, provided by state or privately.
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Practitioners: OT
Help by giving them aids and adaptations helping them function individually in daily life. Provided by state or privately.
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Practitioners: Hospital consultants
Help to diagnose and treat condition and perform operations like hip replacement. Provided by state or independent, so private.
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Practitioners: Community nurse
Help by caring for them in their own home. Promote healthy lifestyle and offer emotional support to patients. Provided by state or private.
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Practitioners:Social worker
Help them adjust to everyday life at home and assess their condition. Provided by voluntary organisations.
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Practitioners: Domiciliary care worker
Help around the home, linked to private sectors or funded by local authorities.
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Psychological LQF: Social contact
Important so they arent lonely and socially excluded, as cant leave home.
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Psychological LQF: Stimulation
Prevent them from becoming bored, like day centre.
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Psychological LQF: Choice
Make their own decisions and feel they are listened too.
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Psychological LQF: Dignity
So they dont feel uncomfortable, such as when being washed.
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Psychological LQF: Physical comfort
Important they feel comfortable, such as have access to heating.
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Psychological LQF: Stimulation
Experience activities that increase level of arousal to a comfortable level, making their lives interesting, like activities at care home.
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Physical LQF: Freedom from pain
Gp's provide medication to help with pain
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Physical LQF: Exercise
Helps to strengthen the muscles and joints and improve fitness.
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Physical LQF: Nutrition
High protein diet to help joints and reduce stiffness, maintain healthy weight so dont become malnourished. Dietician etc
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Physical LQF: Physical safety and hygiene
Safe in their own homes so feel relaxed, like not having dangerous objects around and be regularly visited to ensure they are safe. Domiciliary carers should visit home to ensure they receive physical hygiene.
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Caring skills: encouraging
Help to encourage them and motivate them and make them to more and feel better. Praising when going to physio.
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Caring skills: Creating trust
Domiciliary carers as they are let into their home to care for them, if they dont trust them they wont accept help from them. Hold conversations to create good relationship.
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Caring skills: Distraction
Help them to manage pain and distract them from it by thinking of something else. Like asking about family.
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Caring skills: Setting challenges
Helps to provide them with motivation and encouragement when completing set challenges. Walking up steps etc.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Causes

Back

Age 50+, women, damage to ligaments or tendons, wear/tear of joints or bones, joint injury, damage to cartilage, thickening and broadening of bones, build up of fluid in the joints due to inflammation.

Card 3

Front

Symptoms

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Progression

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Physical impact

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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