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Localisation of Function
The theory that different areas of the brain are responsible for different behaviours, processes or activities.
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Motor Area
A region in the frontal lobe involved in regulating movement.
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Somatosensory Area
An area of the parietal lobe that processes sensory information such as touch.
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Visual Area
A part of the occipital lobe that receives and processes visual information.
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Auditory Area
Located in the temporal lobe and concerned with the analysis of speech-based information.
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Broca's Area
An area of the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere (in most people) responsible for speech production.
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Wernicke's Area
An area of the temporal lobe (encircling the auditory cortex) in the left hemisphere (in most people) responsible for language comprehension.
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Plasticity (neuroplasticity/cortical remapping)
This describes the brain's tendency to change and adapt (functionally and physically) as a result of experience and new learning.
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Functional Recovery
A form of plasticity. Following damage through trauma, the brain's ability to redistribute or transfer functions usually performed by a damaged area(s) to other, undamaged area(s).
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Hemispheric Lateralisation
The idea that the 2 hemispheres are functionally different & that certain mental processes & behaviours are mainly controlled by 1 hemisphere rather than the other, as in the e.g. of language (which is localised as well as lateralised).
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Split-Brain Research
A series of studies which began in the 1960s involving epileptic patients who had experienced a surgical separation of the hemispheres. This allowed researchers to investigate the extent to which brain function is lateralised.
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fMRI
A method used to measure brain activity while a person is performing a task that uses MRI technology. This enables researcher's to detect which reigons of the brain are rich in O2 and thus are active.
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EEG
A record of the tiny electrical impulses produced by the brain's activity. By measuring characteristic wave patterns, the EEG can help diagnose certain conditions of the brain.
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ERP's
The brain's electrophysiological response to a specific sensory, cognitive, or motor event can be isolated through statistical analysis of EEG data.
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Post-Mortem Examinations
The brain is analysed after death to determine whether certain observed behaviours during the patient's lifetime can be linked to abnormalities in the brain.
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Biological Rhythms
Distinct patterns of changes in body activity that conform to cyclical time periods. Biological rhythms are influenced by internal body clocks (endogenous pacemakers) as well as external changes to the environment (exogenous zeitgebers).
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Circadian Rhythm
A type of biological rhythm, subject to a 24-hour cycle, which regulates a number of body processes such as the sleep/wake cycle and changes in core body temperature.
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Infradian Rhythm
A type of biological rhythm with a frequency of less than one cycle in 24 hours, such as the stages of sleep.
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Ultradian Rhythm
A type of biological rhythm with a frequency of more than 1 cycle in 24 hours, such as the stages of sleep.
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Endogenous Pacemakers
Internal body clocks that regulate many of our biological rhythms, such as the influence of the suprachiamatic nucleus (SCN) on the sleep/wake cycle.
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Exogenous Zeitgebers
External cues that may affect or entrain our biological rhythms, such as the influence of light on the sleep/wake cycle.
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Sleep/Wake Cycle
A daily cycle of biological activity based on a 24-hour period (circadian rhythm) that is influenced by regular variations in the environment, such as the alternation of night and day
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Motor Area

Back

A region in the frontal lobe involved in regulating movement.

Card 3

Front

Somatosensory Area

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Visual Area

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Auditory Area

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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