Organisation

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What does the small intestine do?
Produces enzymes; Large food molecules are absorbed by diffusion
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What does the Gullet do?
Tube that contracts to push food down to the stomach
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What does the Large intestine do?
Water is absorbed form the undigested food into your blood
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What does the liver do?
Produces bile for small intestine; Neutralises acid to create high pH conditions for enzymes; Emulsifies fat to form smaller droplets to increase surface area
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Where does the food go?
Mouth; Gullet; Stomach; Small Intestine; Large Intestine; Rectum; Anus
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What does the stomach do?
Produces: Enzymes; HCl - provides acidic pH for protase and kills bacteria in your food; Mucus - coats stomach to stop the lining from being digested
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What does the mouth do?
Salivary Glands produce saliva to break down your food
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What does the gall bladder do?
Stores bile, releases it into small intestine through the bile duct
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What does the pancreas do?
Produces enzymes for small intestine to digest food
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What does the rectum do?
Stores faeces
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What does the anus do?
Faeces pass out of your body
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Proteins are used for?
Constant Respiration
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Excess amino acids are broken down into?
Urea
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Glucose is broken down into?
Water & CO2
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Carbohydrates & Lipids are used for?
Constant Respiration
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Simple Sugars are converted into?
Fructose
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Amino Acids are converted into?
Amino Acids
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Glucose is built up into?
Cellulose
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Fatty Acids are built up into?
Lipids/Fats
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Amino Acids are built up into?
Proteins
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CO2 & Water are built up into?
Glucose
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Glucose & Nitrate Ions are built up into?
Amino Acids
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What factors affect Chemical Reactions?
Temperature, pH, Concentration & Surface Area
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What elements are carbohydrates made of?
Carbon, Hydrogen & Oxygen
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Examples of Carbohydrates
Glucose, Sucrose, Starch & Cellulose
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What elements are Lipids made of?
Carbon, Hydrogen & Oxygen
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Examples of Lipids
Fatty Acids & Glycerol
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What elements are Proteins made of?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen & Nitrogen
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What is Iodine Solution used for?
Starch
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What colour should Iodine Solution turn to?
Brown/Orange to Black/Blue
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What is Biuret Test used for?
Proteins
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What colour should Biuret Test turn to?
Blue to Purple/Pink
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What is Sudan III Test used for?
Lipids
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What colour should Sudan III Test turn to?
It should separate into two layers, the top one being brick-red
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What does the Xylem transport?
Water & Minerals
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What does the Phloem transport?
Sucrose & Amino Acids
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What process is the Xylem part of?
Transpiration stream
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What process is the Phloem part of?
Translocation
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What is Transpiration?
The movement of water up the plant against gravity
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What factors affect the rate of transpiration?
Light, Temperature, Wind & Humidity
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What does the stomata do?
A tiny hole that allows gases to move in and out
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What does the Waxy cuticle do?
Prevents water loss
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What do the air spaces do?
Allows room for gases
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What does the Spongy Mesophyll do?
Large surface area for gas exchange
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What does the Palisade Mesophyll do?
Layer of cells that are close to the light, packed with chloroplasts
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What do chloroplasts do?
Contains stacks of membranes & chlorophyll to give and increased surface are for photosynthesis
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What does the epidermis do?
Protective Layer & clear to allow light through
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Define Tissue
A group of specialised cells carrying out the same function
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Define Cell
The biological unit of all organisms
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Define Organ
A group of different tissues working together to carry out a particular unction
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Define Organ System
A group of organs workings together to carry out a particular function
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Define Ventilation
The movement of air into and out of the lungs
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Define Gas Exchange
The 'swapping' of gases between the alveolar air and the blood
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What do the inter-coastal muscles do?
These move the ribcage up and down
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What do the Diaphragm muscles do?
These contract to move the diaphragm down
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does the Gullet do?

Back

Tube that contracts to push food down to the stomach

Card 3

Front

What does the Large intestine do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does the liver do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where does the food go?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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