organic chemistry

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what is an aliphatic hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains
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what is an alicyclic hydrocarbon ?
a hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure
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what is a functional group ?
part of an organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions
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what is a homologous series ?
a series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2
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name the first 10 members of the alkanes
methane ethane propane butane pentane hexane heptane octane nonane decane
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define nomenclature ?
the system of naming compounds
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what is the suffix for an aldehyde
al
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what is the suffix for an ketone ?
one
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what is the suffix for a carboxylic acid ?
oic acid
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define empirical formula
the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound
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define a general formula
the simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series.
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define a displayed formula
it shows the relative positioning of all the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them
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define a structural formula
it shows the minimal detail for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
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define skeletal formula
a simplified organic formula with hydrogen atoms removed from alkyl chains
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what are structural isomers ?
molecules with the same molecular formula but with different structural arrangements of atoms
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what are stereoisomers
compounds with the same structural formula, but with a different arrangement of the atoms in space
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is an alicyclic hydrocarbon ?

Back

a hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure

Card 3

Front

what is a functional group ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is a homologous series ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

name the first 10 members of the alkanes

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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