A group of compounds that have the same general formula and therefore similar properties
1 of 30
What is an alkane
Chains of carbon atoms with single bonds
2 of 30
What is the general formula for an alkane
CnH2n+2
3 of 30
What is an alkene
Chains of carbon atoms with a double bond
4 of 30
What is the formula for an alkene
CnH2n
5 of 30
What is the formula for an alcohol
CnH2n+1OH
6 of 30
What is the functional group in an alcohol
OH
7 of 30
What is a functional group
The part of the compound that gives the homolgous series the similar properties
8 of 30
How can you make ethanol
Fermentation or cracking crude oil to make ethene then reacting it with steam
9 of 30
What are advantages of fermentation if ethanol
It is renewable so will never run out
10 of 30
What are the disadvantages
It needs to be purified and that's expensive and takes time
11 of 30
What are advantages of getting ethanol from crude oil
You can use it straight away and its cheaper because there are no waste products
12 of 30
What are the disadvantages
It comes from crude oil which is non renewable
13 of 30
What are the effects on your body of too much alcohol
Liver cirrhosis, lowered inhibitions, loss of balance, unconsciousness, vomiting, alcohol poisoning
14 of 30
What are the effects on society of too much alcohol
Family breakdowns, expense on NHS and police, violence, spread of STI's/STD's, increased crime and road accidents, alcoholism
15 of 30
What makes vinegar
Oxidised ethanoic acid
16 of 30
What is the formula for a carboxylic acid
CnH2n+1COOH
17 of 30
What two things combine to make an ester
An alcohol and a carboxylic acid
18 of 30
What can you use esters for
Perfumes and food flavourings
19 of 30
What is a polyester
Polymers that contain the ester functional group
20 of 30
What can you use polyesters for
Clothing, plastic bags, bottles etc
21 of 30
What is a soap made from
An alkali and an ester
22 of 30
What examples of esters can you boil with an alkali to make a soap
Fats and oils
23 of 30
What type of alkali could you use
NaOH, KOH etc
24 of 30
What part of a soap if hydrophobic
The tail
25 of 30
What part of the soap is hydrophilic
The head
26 of 30
How does the head an the tail of the soap anion remove stains
The tail buries itself in the stain because it does not like water whilst the head attaches to water molecules and the turn to droplets to brush away the stain
27 of 30
What is an unsaturated oil
An ester with at least one double bond
28 of 30
Why do we hydrogenate unsaturated oils
To make them more viscous (runnier) for things like margarine
29 of 30
How do you hydrogenate unsaturated oils
Bubble hydrogen through the oil under high temperature and pressure in the presence of a nickel catalyst
Comments
Report
Report