The particular place where a community of organisms is found. Peat bogs and coral reefs are all habitats for particular communities of organsims.
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Population
A group of individuals belonging to one species. Members of a populaation are generally found in one place at a particular time and are able to breed with one another.
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Community
All the living organisms found in a particular place at a particular time.
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Ecosystem
All the organisms living in a particular area as well as the non-living features of their environment.
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Abiotic
Factor that is part of the non-living physical environment of an organism e.g. temperature
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Biotic
Factor that is part of the living environment of an organism e.g. competition
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Autotroph (producers)
An organism capable of synthesising its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy e.g. plants
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Heterotroph
An organism that cannot synthesise its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition e.g. animals
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Producer
Are autotrophs and they obtain their organic matter either by photosynthesis or by using the energy released from chemical reactions e.g. algae, plants
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Primary consumer
Also called herbivores, are heterotrophs that eat plant material.
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Secondary consumer
Also called carnivores, feed on primary consumers.
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Tertiary consumers
Also carnivores, eat other consumers.
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Predator
An organism that feeds on another organsim.
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Trophic level
The position a species occupies in a food chain.
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Detritivores
An organism that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter e.g. woodlice and earthworms
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Decomposer
Species of bacteria and fungi that feed on the dead remains of organisms and on animal faeces. They secrete enzymes and digest their food externally before absorption takes place.
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Succession
Change of one community of organisms into another
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Primary succession
Succession that starts in a place where there has not been a community before e.g. bare rock or sand
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Secondary succession
Succession which starts where an existing community has been cleared e.g. succession that starts after fires.
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Pioneer species
The first organism to colonise a newly formed habitat.
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Climax community
The different species of organisms that make up the final stage of an ecological succession.
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Deflected succession
A community that remains stable only becuase human activity prevents succession from running its course
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Light-dependent reactions
Use energy from light and hydrogen from photolysis of water to produce reduced NADP, ATP and oxygen
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Light-independent reactions
Used the reduced NADP and ATP from the light-dependent reactions to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
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OIL RIG
Oxidation Is Loss - Reduction Is Gain (of electrons)
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Thylakoid membrane
A system of interconnected flattened fluid-filled sacs. Proteinsand electron carriers are embedded in the membranes and are involved in the light-dependent reactions.
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Stroma
The fluid surrounding the thylakoid membranes. Contains all enzymes needed to carry out the light-independent reaction.
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Thylakoid space
Fluid within the thylakoid membrane sacs contains enzymes for photolysis
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Granum
A stack of thylakoids joined to one another
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Photolysis
The splitting of water using light energy to give oxygen, hydrogen ions and electrons.
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Gross primary productivity (GPP)
The rate at which energy is incorporated into organic molecules by an ecosystem
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Percentage efficiency of photosynthesis
GPP/amount of light energy striking the plant X 100
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Net primary productivity (NPP)
The rate at which energy is transferred into the organic molecules that make up the new plant biomas. GPP - Respiration
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Biomass
Amount of living material present.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A group of individuals belonging to one species. Members of a populaation are generally found in one place at a particular time and are able to breed with one another.
Back
Population
Card 3
Front
All the living organisms found in a particular place at a particular time.
Back
Card 4
Front
All the organisms living in a particular area as well as the non-living features of their environment.
Back
Card 5
Front
Factor that is part of the non-living physical environment of an organism e.g. temperature
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