The temperature at which a substance has minimum internal energy
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Amplitude
Maximum displacement from the equilibrium position
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Angular frequency
Rate at which central angle changes each second
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Cycle
Complete movement of an oscillation
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Boyles law
For a fixed mass of gas at a constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume is constant
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Centripetal acceleration
Acceleration of a body following a circular path directed towards the centre of the circle, it is perpendicular to the velocity
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Centripetal force
Resultant force that acts towards the centre of a circle making the body follow a circular path, it is perpendicular to the velocity
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Heavy damping
Where the system takes a long time to reach equilibrium
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Critical damping
Where the system reaches equilibrium in a short time with no overshoot, time taken is usually 1/4 of a period of an oscillation
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Phase difference
Between two points in an oscialltion is a fraction of a complete oscillation
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Pressure law for gases
For a fixed mass at constant volume, the pressure is directly proportional to the temperature measured in kelvin
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Radian
Central angle of a circle where acr length = radius
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Resonance
Where the driving force of a system is driven to a frequency equal to a bodys natural frequency creating larger amplitudes due to maximum energy transfer
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Simple harmonic motion
The restoring force/acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position and acting towards the equilibrium position
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Specific heat capacity
Heat required to produce a unit rise in temperature in a unit mass of substance
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Specific latent heat of vaporisation
The energy required to change the state of a 1kg substance from liquid to gas at a constant temperature
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Specific latent heat of fusion
The energy required to change the state of a 1kg substance from solid to liquid at a constant temperature
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Time period
Time taken for one complete oscillation
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Displacement
How far and in what direction the body is from its equilibrium position
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Free oscillation
Simple harmonic motion with constant amplitude and period and no external influences
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Frequency
Number of oscillations completed per second
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Gravitational field lines
The direction in which a mass will move, gravitational fields are attractive forces
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Gravitational field strength
Force per unit mass in a gravitational field
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Hookes law
Force is directly proportional to extension up to the limit of proportionality. F=kx
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In phase
Two waves that are in phase have a complete number of oscillations between them
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Internal energy
The sum of random distributions of kinetic and potential energies of the molecules in a system
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Isochronous
Time period is constant
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Kepler's third law
T^2 is proportional to r^3
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Newton's law of gravitation
Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle in the universe with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their distances apart
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1 mole
A mole contains 6.02*10^23 particles and is the Avagadro constant
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Out of phase
Completely out of step with eachother by 180 degrees
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Pressure
Force per unit area
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Natural frequency
The frequency at which a free standing system oscillates after it's been displaced then released
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Spring constant
k = force per unit extension
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Absolute scale of temperature
An interval of one kelvin is defined as being 1/273.16 of the temperature of the triple point of water as measured on the thermodynamic scale of temperature
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Brownian motion
The random movement of small particles when suspended in a liquid or gas
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Amplitude
Back
Maximum displacement from the equilibrium position
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