OCR Biology; Unit 5. Section 1: Protein synthesis and cellular control (A2)

DNA/Protein sysnthesis

Body plans

Gene mutations

Protein activation

?
What type of molecules do genes code for in an organism?
Polypeptides (proteins)
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Is the genetic code universal to all organisms?
No, however it is widespread and generally codons always code for the same amino acid in every organism but this is not always the case
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'A change to the genes due to changes in the nucleotide base sequence' this is a...?
DNA Mutation
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If a mutation occurs in the non - coding region of DNA it will be...?
Neutral
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What is the function of Cyclic AMP
To activate proteins by altering their 3D structure
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Where does the repressor protein bind to on the lac operon?
Operator region
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What is the role of Lactose Permease?
Transporting lactose into the cell
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Where does RNA Polymerase bind on the lac operon?
Promoter region
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What is the role of homeobox genes
Controlling the development of body plans
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What type of homeobox genes determine the embryo's polarity?
Maternal - effect genes
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What type of homeobox genes specify the polarity of each segment?
Segmentation genes
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What are transcription factors?
A polypeptide which binds to one gene and initiates transcription, therefore regulating other genes
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What is a morphogen?
A substance that governs the pattern of tissue development
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What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death in an organism
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During apoptosis when the cell surface membrane changes shape, the folds are called what?
Blebs
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Too much apoptosis can lead to what?
Cell loss and degeneration
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What is the role of nitric acid in apoptosis?
Making the inner mitochondrial membrane more permeable to hydrogen ions and dissipating the proton gradient
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What is the name given to the proteins which proteins bind to to allow apoptosis to take place?
Apoptosis inhibitor proteins
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What is phagocytosis?
The endocytosis of large solid molecules into a cell (cell fragments engulfed)
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What is meant by a 'degenerate code'?
All amino acids (except for one) have more than one code
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Is the genetic code universal to all organisms?

Back

No, however it is widespread and generally codons always code for the same amino acid in every organism but this is not always the case

Card 3

Front

'A change to the genes due to changes in the nucleotide base sequence' this is a...?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

If a mutation occurs in the non - coding region of DNA it will be...?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the function of Cyclic AMP

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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Sophie Kemp

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Sick quiz man!

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