OCR A2 Chemistry: Esters

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  • Created by: LucySPG
  • Created on: 15-09-13 16:47
What functional group do esters contain?
-COO-
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What do the names of esters end in?
-oate
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Where does the first part of the name of an ester come from?
The Alcohol
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Where does the second part of the name of an ester come from?
The carboxylic acid
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How is an ester made from an alcohol?
An alcohol and carboxylic acid are heated together under reflux in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulphuric or hydrochloric acid.
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What is the name of the process by which esters are made using an alcohol and carboxylic acid?
Esterification
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Why is making an ester from an alcohol and carboxylic acid known as a condensation reaction?
Because water is produced
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How is the ester link formed during esterification?
The ester link is formed by the condensation reaction of the hydroxyl group in the alcohol and the carboxyl group in the acid.
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What is the reverse reaction of esterification called?
Ester hydrolysis
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What smell do esters have?
Strong and sweet, often floral or fruity
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What is hydrolysis?
The breakdown of a molecule by water
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How is the hydrolysis of an ester carried out?
Using an acid catalyst such as sulphuric acid or an alkali catalyst such as sodium hydroxide
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Why is alkaline hydrolysis preffered?
Because the reaction goes to completion
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What are polyesters?
Condensation polymers
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How are polyesters made?
Reacting a -diol with a carboxylic acid
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When an alkali is used in hydrolysis what is produced?
A carboxylate salt
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What is the name of the process when ethanoic acid is involved in esterification?
Ethanoylation
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What is a more vigourous ethanoylating agent than ethanoic acid?
Ethanoic anhydride
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How is ethanoic anhydride made?
By eliminating a molecule of water between two ethanoic acid molecules
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What is the most reactive ethanoylating agent?
Ethanoyl chloride
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What is formed when you react ethanoyl chloride with a phenol?
An ester and hydrogen chloride gas
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Why do you have to add a acyl chloride with a phenol to make an ester?
Because phenols react very slowly with carboxylic acids
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do the names of esters end in?

Back

-oate

Card 3

Front

Where does the first part of the name of an ester come from?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where does the second part of the name of an ester come from?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How is an ester made from an alcohol?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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