OCR Biology 3.2 Key Definitions 4.0 / 5 based on 4 ratings ? BiologyTransport in AnimalsASOCR Created by: milly._98Created on: 25-04-16 12:21 Transport The movement of substances such as oxygen, nutrients, hormones, waste and heat around the body 1 of 30 Arteries Small blood vessels that distribute blood from an artery to the capillaries 2 of 30 Capillaries Very small vessels with very thin walls 3 of 30 Closed Circulatory System Where the blood is held in vessels 4 of 30 Open Circulatory System Where the blood is not held in vessels 5 of 30 Veins Vessels that carry the blood back to the heart 6 of 30 Venules Small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and lead into the veins. 7 of 30 Hydrostatic Pressure The pressure that a fluid exerts when pushing agains the sides of a vessel or container 8 of 30 Lymph The fluid held in the lymphatic system 9 of 30 Oncotic Pressure The pressure created by the osmotic effects of the solutes 10 of 30 Plasma The fluid portion of the blood 11 of 30 Tissue Fluid The fluid surrounding the cells and tissues 12 of 30 Atrio-Ventricular Valves Valves between thee atria and the ventricles, which ensures that blood flows in the correct direction 13 of 30 Cardiac Muscle Specialised muscle found in the walls of the heart chambers 14 of 30 Semilunar Valves Valves that prevent blood from re-entering the heart from the arteries 15 of 30 Cardiac Cycle The sequence of events in one full beat of the heart 16 of 30 Bradycardia A slow heart rhythm 17 of 30 Ectopic Heartbeat An extra beat or an early beat of the ventricles 18 of 30 Electrocardiogram A trace that records the electrical activity of the heart 19 of 30 Fibrillation Uncoordinated contraction of the atria and ventricles 20 of 30 Myogenic Muscle Muscle that can initiate its own contrction 21 of 30 Purkyne Tissue Consistes of specially adapted muscle fibres that conduct the wave of excitation from the AVN down the septum to the ventricles 22 of 30 Sino-Atrial Node (SAN) The hearts pacemaker. A small patch of tissue that sends out waves of electrical excitation at regular intervals in order to initiate contractions 23 of 30 Tachycardia A quick heart rhythm 24 of 30 Dissociation Releasing the oxygen from the oxyhaemoglobin 25 of 30 Fetal Haemoglobin The type of haemoglobin only found in the fetus. 26 of 30 Carbonic Anhydrase The enzyme that catalyses the combination of carbon dioxide and water 27 of 30 Chloride Shift The movement of chloride ions into the erythrocytes to balance the charge as hydrocarbonate ions leave the cell 28 of 30 Bohr Effect The effect that extra carbon dioxide has on the haemoglobin. This explains the release of more oxygen 29 of 30 Haemoglobinic Acid The compound formed by the buffering action of haemoglobin as it combines with excess hydrogen ions. 30 of 30
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