OCD

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OCD disorders in the DSM
Includes OCD, Excoriation, hoarding, body dysmorphic disorder and trichotillomania
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Obsessions definition
Obsessions are recurrent/ persistant anxiety provoking thoughts/ impulses that cause distress but are difficult to control
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Compulsions
ritualistic behaviors that are performed to neuralize/ reduce the anxiety associated with the obsessions, these structured behaviors are countering the obessions.
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DSM criteria
Time consuming, social occupational dysfunction cannot be explained in terms of other physical and mental disease level of insight
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Pure O
covert compulsions- mental rituals
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types
contamination/ washing harm/ checking symmetry/ ordering hoarding
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Diagnostic tools- The YBOCS and the C-YBOCS interviews
types of obsessions, severity, distress, behavior, time 0-40
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Maudsley scale (MOCI)
self report, true or false checking, washing, doubting,5 minutes, 30 items
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Charles (Rapoport)
3 hours showering, didnt go to school, 2 hours getting dressed, ritualistic-holding soap in one hand and another, something sticky,not fully treated
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Explanations of OCD
Biological/ neuromedical ( genes, oxytocin, basal ganglia) Cognitive/ psychodynamic
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biological
The abnormal structure of the orbitifrontal cortex(worrying and decision) and the thalamus (controlling c hecking), overactive
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Oxytoxin/ serotinin
understimulated serotinin uptake, many disorders, the disregulation of oxytoxin- fear and distrust
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Cognitive
Everyone has repitive instrusive thoughts but are able to dismiss.Whereas, OCD patients have faulty resoning cause of the thought action fusion.Thoughts will have consequences
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behavorial
thoughts eliminated through action, opposite action, action becomes a negative and positive reinforcer as well.
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psychodynamic explanation
subconscious conflict between the ID and the superego, ego moderating. the id produces anxious impulses (obsessions), the ego counters the anxiety using defence mechanisms as compulsions
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fixation at anal stage
libido expressed through bowel movements, controlled by parents, if parents make the child feel shameful, he will develop OCD. The obsessions are the desire to be messy, the compulsion to control the desire
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Treatment (biological) ic
SSRIS to inhibit serotinin uptake ( estitalopram) benzodiapines anti psychotics- never alone sufficient, ect
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CBT (exposure and response prevension) changing behavior
to learn to tolerate anxiety without rituals, moving from low to high. most effective
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Lukmehl (Jason)
contamination, hand sanitizer, Austistic,distress, social occupational,
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given ERP, modified due to autism. feelings of distress and coping mechanisms (repeating words )
also at school, rewarding, CYBOCS scores reduced to three,
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lovell
face to face and telephone, 72 patients, high satisfaction for both,
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Obsessions are recurrent/ persistant anxiety provoking thoughts/ impulses that cause distress but are difficult to control

Back

Obsessions definition

Card 3

Front

ritualistic behaviors that are performed to neuralize/ reduce the anxiety associated with the obsessions, these structured behaviors are countering the obessions.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Time consuming, social occupational dysfunction cannot be explained in terms of other physical and mental disease level of insight

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

covert compulsions- mental rituals

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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