phosphate, a five-carbon sugar, and an organic base
3 of 14
how are the components of nucleotides attached?
condensation reactions create covalent bonds
4 of 14
what connects nucleotides on one strand together and what does it make?
phosphdiester bond connects the sugar of one to the phosphate of another, creating a sugar phosphate backbone
5 of 14
what are the bases for DNA?
adenine thymine cytosine guanine
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what connects two bases together?
hydrogen bonds
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witch bases are purine and witch are pyramid?
A+G are purine and C+T are Pyramid
8 of 14
what is the process of DNA replication known as?
semi-conservative
9 of 14
describe DNA replication
DNA untwists and the bonds between bases are broken by DNA helixase. each strand is used as a template for new nucleotides by complimentry base paring, the new back bone is formed using DNA Ligase. DNA polymerse conects the strands and bases together
10 of 14
what are the two stages of protein synthesis?
Transcription and Translation
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what happens during DNA transcription?
the gene needed is unzipped and free floating mRNA nucleotides use complimentry base paring to create an mRNA strand wich leaves the nucleus through nuclear pore
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what base is used instead of thymine in mRNA
Uracil
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what happens during translation in protein synthesis?
mRNA attaches to ribosome, rRNA is used in the ribosome to help the mRNA line up. tRNA with specific RNA bases is attached to a specific amino acid, the bases use complimentry pareing to match to mRNA. Amino acids join in the corresponding sequence
14 of 14
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is the proper name for RNA?
Back
ribonucleic acid
Card 3
Front
what are the components of nucleotides?
Back
Card 4
Front
how are the components of nucleotides attached?
Back
Card 5
Front
what connects nucleotides on one strand together and what does it make?
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