'.. a term used to refer to a religious faith or an ethical, spiritual, or philosophical movement of recent origin that is not part of an established denomination, church or religious body'.'
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Nature of sects
Breakaway group, deeply committed to beliefs, strict behavioural expectations, monopoly of the truth, small-close knit group, exclusive membership, reject wider society, single charismatic leader, attract lower classes, short lived.
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Nature of cults
completely new interpretation of existing beliefs, pragmatic, mystical, communal, more extreme, give up families and jobs, extremely devoted to leader themselves.
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Stark and Bainbridge- Audience cult
least organised, little face to face interaction, members do not know eachother, contact maintained through mass media or occasional conference, e.g. astrology
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Stark and Bainbridge- Client cult
more organised, offer products and services, e.g scientology
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Stark and Bainbridge- Cult movements
involve followers much more, try to satisfy all religious needs of members, membership of other religious movements is not permitted
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Wallis- World rejecting
Highly critical of the outside world, high level of commitment, see the movement as the only source of salvation, strict rules on behaviour
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Wallis- World accommodating
Accept outside world as necessary, highly spiritual, more tolerant of other religions
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Wallis- World affirming
Accept outside world completely, may focus on helping members to succeed in the outside world
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Sociological reasons for the rise
Social change, marginality, relative deprivation, increasing awareness of other faiths and cultures, influence of powerful charismatic leaders
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Theological reasons for the rise
Dissatisfaction with beliefs of mainstream religions, clear set of beliefs, clear behavioural expectations, evidence of the end times.
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Millenarians believe..
.. that the world as we now know it will soon end and be replaced by a new world or period of paradise
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Key features of millenarian belief
Imminence, The tribulation, the millennium, the rapture
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Breakaway group, deeply committed to beliefs, strict behavioural expectations, monopoly of the truth, small-close knit group, exclusive membership, reject wider society, single charismatic leader, attract lower classes, short lived.
Back
Nature of sects
Card 3
Front
completely new interpretation of existing beliefs, pragmatic, mystical, communal, more extreme, give up families and jobs, extremely devoted to leader themselves.
Back
Card 4
Front
least organised, little face to face interaction, members do not know eachother, contact maintained through mass media or occasional conference, e.g. astrology
Back
Card 5
Front
more organised, offer products and services, e.g scientology
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