neuroscience

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  • Created by: maddie289
  • Created on: 27-01-21 12:27
what is controlled by the frontal lobe?
high functions
emotion
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what is controlled by the parietal lobe?
language
2 of 20
what is controlled by the occipital lobe?
sight
visual processing
3 of 20
what does the temporal lobe control?
sound/auditory
language
memory formation/processing
4 of 20
which subcortical structures are involved in movement?
basal ganglia
thalamus
cerebellum
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what are the layers of the meninges?
dura mater
arachnoid mater
sub-arachnoid mater
pia mater
6 of 20
what are the stages of an action potential?
stimulus reaches the threshold
depolarisation
an action potential is produced
repolarisation
the refractory period
the resting state
7 of 20
examples of amino acid neurotransmitters
GABA
Glycine
Glutamate
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examples of amine neurotransmitters
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Histamine
9 of 20
outline the SNARE hypothesis in terms of neurotransmitter release
the vesicle is pulled towards the presynaptic membrane
VAMP2, Syntaxin1A and SNAP-25 bind together to create the SNARE complex
Ca2+ ions bind to synaptotagmin pulling the vesicle even closer to the membrane
the membranes fuse and neurotransmitter is rel
10 of 20
Give examples of Glutamate receptors
AMPA
NMDA
Kainate
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is glutamate an excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitter?
excitatory
12 of 20
are glycine and GABA excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitters?
inhibitory
13 of 20
explain the link between mental health and neurotransmitters
the diffuse modulatory systems are where complex functions are influenced by neurotransmitters.
defects in the production of these neurotransmitters affect the brain and can cause mental health disorders.
for example: deficits in the dopamine and seroto
14 of 20
explain the difference between implicit and explicit memory
implicit is 'unconscious'- procedural for example, which is the learning of new skills
explicit is 'conscious' or 'declarative' - episodic is emotions for example and semantic is facts
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what's the order of memory formation?
experience
acquisition
short term memory
consolidation
long term memory
recall
16 of 20
explain anterograde and retrograde amnesia
anterograde - you cannot recall short term memories
retrograde - all memories before the trauma are lost
17 of 20
explain Alzheimer's Disease
patients have trouble with their short term memory as the hippocampus degenerates
the cerebellum is unaffected however, so patients are able to learn new skills and remember motor skills
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explain Huntingdon's Disease
the striatum in patients is destroyed meaning the control of movement is lost
patients tend to have uncontrolled/spontaneous movements
19 of 20
explain Parkinson's Disease
patients will have shaking movements while at rest, and trouble initiating their own voluntary movements
this is due to a damaged Substantia Nigra
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Card 2

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what is controlled by the parietal lobe?

Back

language

Card 3

Front

what is controlled by the occipital lobe?

Back

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Card 4

Front

what does the temporal lobe control?

Back

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Card 5

Front

which subcortical structures are involved in movement?

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