Neurons and synaptic transmission

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Created by: longfootliv
Created on: 02-12-17 18:36

What are neurons?

A specialised cell that carries information throughout the body

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Name the 3 types of neurons

Sensory, Motor and Relay

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What's the function of sensory neurons?

It transmits impulses from sensory receptors (eg. skin, tongue, etc.) to the CNS.

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What's the function of motor neurons?

It transmits impulses from the CNS to the muscles

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What's the function of relay neurons?

Allows the motor and sensory neurons to communicate with each other in which most of your neurons are relay neurons. They only exist within the brain and spinal chord.

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What is the synapse?

The synapse is the gap between one neuron and the neighbouring neuron.

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What's synaptic transmission ? (1)

Signals are passed down the length of a neuron electrically, then cross the synapse chemically. The electrical impulse triggers synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitters into the synapse. These are received by receptors on the dendrites of (2)

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What's synaptic transmission ? (2)

- the post synaptic neuron

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What's excitation?

When a neurotransmitter is excitatory, it increases the positive charge of the neighbouring neuron which increases its chances of firing, eg. adrenaline.

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What's inhibition?

When a neurotransmitter is inhibitory, it increases the negative charge of the neighbouring neuron and decreases its chances of firing, eg. serotonin

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name the 3 types of neurons

Back

Sensory, Motor and Relay

Card 3

Front

What's the function of sensory neurons?

Back

Card 4

Front

What's the function of motor neurons?

Back

Card 5

Front

What's the function of relay neurons?

Back

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Neurons and synaptic transmission