Natural selection defonitions

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  • Created by: jenny
  • Created on: 22-12-15 18:29
Natural selection
is the process by which the organisms that are best adapted in a particular environment are most likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their advantageous alleles to their offspring.
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Niche
a role of that organism within the community.
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Anatomical adaption
involve the form and structure of an organism
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Physiological adaption
involve the way the body of the organism works and include differences in biochemical pathway or enzymes.
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Behavioural adaption
involve changes to programmed or instinctive behaviour making organisms better adapted for survival
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Reproductive isolation
Two isolated populations experience different conditions and in turn natural selection occurs in different directions.
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Hybridisation
Two closely related species interbreed to form fertile hybrids that could be better adapted than their “parents”.
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Geographical isolation
a physical barrier such as a river or mountain range separates individuals from an original population
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Ecological isolation
two populations inhabit the same region but develop preferences for different parts of the habitat.
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Seasonal isolation
the timing of flowering or sexual receptiveness in some parts of a population drifts away from the norm of the group.
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Behavioural isolation
changes occur in the courtship ritual, display or mating pattern so that some animals do not recognise others as a potential mate.
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Mechanical isolation
a mutation occurs in the genitalia of animals, making it physically impossible for them to mate successfully with only some members of the group. Or it changes the relationship between the stigma and the stamen
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Allopatric speciation
takes place when populations are physically or geographically isolated. Recognised as the main evolutionary process
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Endemic
A species found only in one place
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Card 2

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a role of that organism within the community.

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Niche

Card 3

Front

involve the form and structure of an organism

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

involve the way the body of the organism works and include differences in biochemical pathway or enzymes.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

involve changes to programmed or instinctive behaviour making organisms better adapted for survival

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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