Natural Law

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  • Created by: nelliott
  • Created on: 10-11-20 16:46
What type of theory is NL and why?
Deontological, because it looks at the nature of an act, not the outcome
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What did Aristotle believe about telos?
If we fulfil our telos, we will flourish and reach eudaimonia
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What is efficient cause?
The means to an end
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What is final cause?
The end itself
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What does Aristotle believe is the 'inner principle' of human nature?
Reason
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How did Aquinas use Aristotle's ideas?
Argued the world was created by God and everything should have God's ultimate purpose as its final 'end'
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How did Aquinas believe humans would reach perfection?
Through developing their image of God
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What did Aquinas believe would happen if we reached moral perfection?
Union with God
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How did Aquinas believe we could live a moral life?
Using reason to reflect on what we see in nature, presenting a moral code to live by
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What are the four tiers of the Law?
1. Eternal Law
2. Divine Law
3. Natural Law
4. Human Law
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What is Eternal Law?
The principles God made that control the universe and are only fully known to God
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What is Divine Law?
The law of God revealed in the Bible, particularly in the Ten Commandments
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What is Natural Law?
The moral law of God which has been built into human nature and that is discoverable through the use of reason
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What is Human Law?
Laws formulated by humans that are practical rules
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What is the first key precept/'Synderesis rule'?
'Follow the good, avoid the evil'
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How do the precepts help us?
We know how we should live and how to achieve our purpose
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What are the five primary precepts?
1. Preservation of life
2. Reproduction
3. Live in an ordered society
4. Worship God
5. Learn and educate the young
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What are secondary precepts?
They derive from the primary precepts but depend on our own judgement and reasoning
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What is an example of a primary and secondary precept?
The primary precept of preserve life leads to the secondary precept of do not murder
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What is 'apparent good'?
Something we think is good but is actually not, due to faulty reasoning
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What is an example of 'apparent good'?
An adulterer commits adultery because they believe it is good as they are 'in love', but this is an error of reason
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What is 'real good'?
Using reason correctly to choose the right thing to do
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What are interior and exterior acts?
The intention (interior) and the act itself (exterior) are both important and need to be correct
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What is an example of an interior and exterior act?
Giving to charity to look good (interior act is wrong; exterior act is good, but overall it is not morally good)
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What is the Doctrine of Double Effect?
It recognises that sometimes it is necessary to do a good act, despite knowing that it will bring about an unintended, bad consequence
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What is an example of the Doctrine of Double Effect?
Saving a woman's life with an ectopic pregnancy operation, however the unintended outcome would be the death of the foetus
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Card 2

Front

What did Aristotle believe about telos?

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If we fulfil our telos, we will flourish and reach eudaimonia

Card 3

Front

What is efficient cause?

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Card 4

Front

What is final cause?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What does Aristotle believe is the 'inner principle' of human nature?

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