to try to discover the natural moral way of living. this is set by cosmic or divine order
1 of 16
Who are the main theorists?
Aristotle and Aquinas
2 of 16
who is Aristotle and what did he say?
Founder of natural law, eudimonia, potentiality vs actuality
3 of 16
Who is Aquinas and what did he say?
Developed natural law from Aristotle, 4 causes, telos
4 of 16
What is the synderesis rule?
to do good and avoid evil (Aquinas)
5 of 16
What is telos?
Human end which is union with god (Aquinas)
6 of 16
What is reason?
we should use our god given reasoning skills to work out what is real good
7 of 16
What are the 4 tiers of law?
Eternal law: Gods law, Divine law: Bibles law, Natural law: What we observe, Human Law: What we write down
8 of 16
What are primary precepts? (Aristotle)
the general rules that human beings are inclined to follow: preservation of life, reproduction, education and learning, living peacefully in society, worshiping god
9 of 16
What are the secondary precepts? (Aquinas)
The practical applicationof the primary precepts in specific areas. This requires reason and argument
10 of 16
What is the double effect?
States that it is sometimes morally acceptable to perform a good act which will bring about bad consequences, but that it is always wrong to perform a bad act for the sake of good consequences. Good intention is vital
11 of 16
What are the 4 causes? (Aquinas)
Material: the matter/substance which makes up a thing. Efficient: An agent/designer that brings a thing into being. Formal:the pattern which determines the form taken by something. Final: something that is the end/purpose of a process (end result)
12 of 16
What is Potentiality and Actuality? (Aristotle)
Potentiality: has the capacity to develop or happen in the future. Actuality: when the potential is achieved
13 of 16
What are Real and Apparent goods? (Aquinas)
Real Good: A characteristic that will help people to become closer to the ideal human nature that God had planned for them. Apparent Good: A vice or sin that takes people away from the ideal human nature that God had planned for them.
14 of 16
What are Exterior and Interior acts?
Exterior Act: The external act you can see, which must also be good (e.g. giving to charity). Interior Act: The intention or motive behind the act, which must be good (e.g. giving to charity because you want to help others).
15 of 16
What is the use of reason? (Aquinas)
A moral life is lived according to and in accordance with reason, and an immoral life is a life at odds with reason. "to scorn the dictate of reason is to scorn the command of God" -> toignore/refuse reason is the same as ignoring god.
Comments
No comments have yet been made