Natural Hazards

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Define a natural Hazard?
A natural process which could cause death, injury or disruption to humans, or destroy property and possessions.
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What is a natural disaster?
A natural hazard which has actually happenned.
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What is a geological hazard ?
Caused by land and tectonic processes. Include volcanoes, earthquakes, landslides and avalanches.
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What is a meteorological hazaerd ?
Caused by weather and climate. Include tropical storms (other extreme weather), heatwaves and cold spells.
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What is a hazard risk ?
The probibility of people being affected by a hazard in a particular area. Factors include vulnerability, capacity to cope and nature of the natural hazard.
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What is the vulnerability hazard risk ?
More people in the area exposed to the natural hazard the greater the probability they will be affected.
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An example of vulnerability is ...
An area with a high population located on a flood plain (such as Bangledesh) is very vulnerable to flooding. Or a city located at the base of a volcano (Naples,Italy) is very vulnerable to volcanic eruptions.
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What is the capacity to cope hazard risk?
The better a population can cope with an extreme event, the less likely they are to be affected.
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An example of capacity to cope ...
HIC's are better able to cope with flooding because they can build flood defenses.
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What is type in nature of natural hazards hazard risk ?
The risk of some hazards is greater than others. For example, an earthquake is worse than a tropical storm.
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What is frequency in nature natural hazards hazard risk ?
Natural hazards that occur more often may carry a higher risk.
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What is magnitude in natute of natural hazards hazard risk?
More severe natural hazards tend to have the greatest effects. A earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 hit Japan and killed 15,000 where as a 6.3 earthquake hit L'Aqila, Italy and only killed 300.
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What is a primary effect ?
Immediate impacts caused by the hazard itself.
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Examples of primary effects of natural hazards ...
Buildings and roads destroyed. People killied or injured. Crops or water supplies damaged. Cut off supplies.
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What is a secondary effect ?
What happens later on, often the results of the primary effects.
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Examples of secondary effects of natural hazards ...
Initial hazard can trigger other hazards. Aid and emergency vehicles can't get through - can cause more deaths. A shortage of clean water, poor sanitation - easier for a spread of disease. Food shortages. Country's economy can be weakened.
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What is an immediate response ?
Can be dealt with before, during or immediately after a natural diaster has occured.
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Examples of immediate responses ...
Evacuation. Treating injured, rescue anyone cut off. Recover dead bodies. Provide temporary electric and gas. Provide emergency supplies. Send aid workers, supplies or finacial aid.
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What is a long - term response ?
Done a certain time after the natural disaster to try and rebuild the pplaces affected or build defenses for future hazards.
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Examples of long-term responses ...
Repair or rebuild homes. Repair or rebulid buildings. Reconnect electric and gas. Improve evacuation plans. Improve buildings to withstand diasters. Boost economic recovery.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a natural disaster?

Back

A natural hazard which has actually happenned.

Card 3

Front

What is a geological hazard ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a meteorological hazaerd ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a hazard risk ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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