Native Americans 1865-1900

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  • Created by: Gandalf
  • Created on: 03-04-13 09:27
when were reservations set up either as the outcomes of a treaty or imposed on defeated people until?
1871
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When was the Fort Laramie Treaty signed by the Sioux with the government established 'Great Sioux reserve' ?
1868
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In relation to the Fort Laramie Treaty, how was their right to determine what should happen to their land recognised?
Was agreed that the reservation land given to them could not be changed without the agreement of three-quarters of the male population of the tribes
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In 1871 what decisions were decided by Congress, without consultation?
The right and decisions of the setting up of reservations, relocation of the tribes or re-designation of reservation boundaries
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When was the Battle Of The Little Bighorn?
1876
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What changes were forced upon the Indians (without any regard for the major clause in the Fort Laramie Treaty) following the defeat of George Custer and the ninth cavalry at the Battle Of The Little Bighorn?
The lands of the Great Sioux reservation were massively reduced so that by 1889, six small reservations had been created and the Lakota Sioux, who had fought Custer, were reduced to starvation.
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What was the result of Americanisation
Freedom was lost and nothing was gained
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Why were reservation Indians,in the care of the government, denied civil rights?
They were declared dependant 'wards of the state' and were not tax payers
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Why was the ideal to transform N/A into farmers not realised?
Much of the land allocated to them was impossible to cultivate
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What were the N/A dependant on the whites for?
Clothing, food and shelter
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How did the reservation Indians situation worsen in the 1880's?
Drought affected crops and disease wiped out the cattle that they now kept because they were deprived of hunting the buffalo
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When was the massacre at Wounded Knee?
1890
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Navajo tribe adapted quickly to farming, planting a range of crops. The government provided them with 15,000 sheep and goats. How many did they have in 1892?
1.7 million
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Unlike other tribes, how much did the government increase the Navajo lands between 1878 and the 1930's as reward for their success?
10.5 million acres
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What had the Navajo population grown from 1868 to 1900
From 8,000 to 22,00.
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Name some problems with Native American education
Language was a barrier,curriculum was limited,teachers brought from the east were unable to cope with the harsh conditions & returned home , on some reservations they placed the children in boarding schools, but many ran away
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How did the off-reservation boarding schools in Virginia try to 'Americanise' young N/A?
Spent three years living with white families, wore uncomfortable uniforms and were taught vocational skills
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Why did the boarding schools fail in their goal?
Most returned to reservation life and many found themselves trapped between two cultures
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Who were The Indian Rights Association (IRA) which formed in 1882 ?
A social activist group devoted to the cause of assimilating the Native Americans
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When was the Dawes Severalty Act?
1887
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(The Dawes Act) What did congress decide to do after realising that the reservation policy failed?
Allot reservation lands on the plains into homesteads to be allocated to Native American families
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What did Henry Dawes think the ownership of the land would be?
A civilising influence
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Why did land-owning Indians gain full citizenship?
Because they paid taxes
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What happened to significant amounts of land allotted to N/A when they got into debt?
Bought by white settlers
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How did the policy of allotment affect the status and rights of some American Indian women?
Under the Dawes Act, land was allotted to the male head of the family, whereas before, all family property belonged to the wives (in certain tribes)
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Where did resistance to the allotment policy come from?
The five civilised tribes
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What did the subsequent amendment to the Dawes Act (the Curtis Act) which was passed by congress in 1898, propose? )
The termination of the rights of the five civilised tribes to be self-governing by 1906
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How did the tribes attempt to pre-empt the Curtis Act?
by proposing that their lands become the separate state of Sequoyah
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How come the tribes attempt to pre-empt the Curtis Act fail?
It was rejected by congress despite the fact that there was a majority vote in support of Sequoyah
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What did Thomas Jefferson Morgan (the commissioner of Indian affairs) forecast in 1900?
"The great body of indians will become merged in the indistinguishable mass of our population" "
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

When was the Fort Laramie Treaty signed by the Sioux with the government established 'Great Sioux reserve' ?

Back

1868

Card 3

Front

In relation to the Fort Laramie Treaty, how was their right to determine what should happen to their land recognised?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

In 1871 what decisions were decided by Congress, without consultation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When was the Battle Of The Little Bighorn?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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