Mutations
0.0 / 5
- Created by: une-meduse
- Created on: 19-04-14 01:27
Any heritable change in a gene
Mutation
1 of 39
A mutation that forms in a cell that ultimately forms gametes
Germ line mutation
2 of 39
A mutation that forms in a cell that doesn't form a gamete, it yeilds an organism that is mosaic of normal and mutant tissue
Somatic mutation
3 of 39
A mutation whose affects can be turned on or off, as it produces changes in phenotype different sets of conditions
Conditional mutations
4 of 39
A mutation that results in complete loss of function or inactivation
Loss of function mutation
5 of 39
A mutation that reduces but doesn't eliminate the level of expression of a gene or the activity of the gene product
Hypomorphic mutation
6 of 39
A mutation that produces a greater than normal level of gene expression
Hypermorphic mutation
7 of 39
A nucleotide pair in a DNA duplex is replaced with a different nucleotide pair
Nucleotide substitution
8 of 39
A pyrmidine base is replaced by another pyrimidine base
Transition mutation
9 of 39
A pyrmidine base is replaced with a purine base
A transversion mutation
10 of 39
Spontaneous nucleotide substitutions are often biased towards
Transition mutations
11 of 39
If a mutation does not change the amino acid coded, this is called a
Silent mutation
12 of 39
A ___________ is a chemical compound with a structure similar to a DNA nucleotide These can pair with normal nucleotides
Base analog
13 of 39
Point mutations change ________________
Singe nucleotide pairs of a gene
14 of 39
Substitutions are types of point mutations, they can be silent, nonsense and _____________
Missense
15 of 39
Insertion/deletions are types of point mutations, they are _________
Frameshifts
16 of 39
___________ are chemicals similar to normal DNA nucleotides but pair incorrectly during DNA replication
Nucleotide analogues
17 of 39
The Luria Delbruck fluctuation test shows that
In bacteria mutations arise in the absence of selection, rather than as a response to selection
18 of 39
Mutation frequencies ___________ among species or among genes of the same species
Differ significatley
19 of 39
Sex chromosome linked mutations occur
In X or Y
20 of 39
BrdU (bromeuracil) can base pair with A and (rarely) G, this is an example of a
Base analogue
21 of 39
Deamination is a frequent mechanism of _________, deamination means the NH2 on a sugar is replaced with O
Transition mutation - eg purine-purine
22 of 39
Visible mutations are ________
Morphological
23 of 39
Nutritional mutations are __________
Biochemical
24 of 39
Lethal mutations interrupt an essential process and result in ________
Death
25 of 39
Creates no change to amino acid sequence
Silent
26 of 39
Results in changes of one amino acid to another in the polypeptide
Missense
27 of 39
Creates stop codon and prematurely terminates translation
Nonsense
28 of 39
Results in the wrong amino acid sequences, occurs whenever the number of nuclotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three
Frameshift
29 of 39
A wildtype gene is changed into a form that results in a mutant phenotype
Forward mutation
30 of 39
An event that restores the wiltype phenotyoe is called a
Reversion / reverse mutation
31 of 39
A second mutation that compensates for an orgininal mutation is
A supressor mutation
32 of 39
If a supressor mutation occurs in the same gene
Intragenic
33 of 39
If a supressor mutation occurs in a different gene
Intergenic
34 of 39
Sickle cell aneamia is caused by
A missense mutation
35 of 39
___________ measures the mutagenicity of compounds
The Aimes test
36 of 39
Other transposable elements in bacteria are called _____ elements and only carry one gene, the product of which is required for their mobility - transposase
Insertion
37 of 39
The transposable elements have inverted repeats on their end which form ________
Lollipop structures
38 of 39
Transposons move via the _______ mechanism
Cut and paste
39 of 39
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A mutation that forms in a cell that ultimately forms gametes
Back
Germ line mutation
Card 3
Front
A mutation that forms in a cell that doesn't form a gamete, it yeilds an organism that is mosaic of normal and mutant tissue
Back
Card 4
Front
A mutation whose affects can be turned on or off, as it produces changes in phenotype different sets of conditions
Back
Card 5
Front
A mutation that results in complete loss of function or inactivation
Back
Related discussions on The Student Room
Similar Biology resources:
0.0 / 5
3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
3.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
Comments
No comments have yet been made