Mussolini - Key dates and events

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Name a cultural problem
Loads of different dialects, different currencies
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Give 3 political weaknesses
politicians were middle class and didnt represent the masses, no clearly defined parties and only elites could vote
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How many prime ministers were there in 52 years?
29
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Give 3 economic weaknesses
Hight debt therefore high tax on poor, internal tariffs, underdeveloped industry and agriculture
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Problems with the north south divide
industrialised north - poor south, lack of communication, malaria in the south, no education in the south
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Oppostion Parties
Catholics, Socialists, Nationalists
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What percentage of the population was Catholic?
90%
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What did the Socailists promise?
An 8 hour day, womens rights, better working conditions
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What did the Nationalists want?
An agressive foreign policy,higher military spending, and Italy to be seen as a great power
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What did Giolitti try to do to satisfy the Nationalists?
Attacked Libya in 1911, whilst victorious, caused more debt
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What did Giolitti do to satisfy the Socialists?
Rose wages, insurance and pension schemes introduced, make industrial disputes more neutral
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Which treaty promised Italy land if they entered WW1?
Treaty of London 1915
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Which city did D'Annunzio seize and when?
Fiume in 1919
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What was the mutilated victory?
When italy came out of the war having lost more than they gained and they didnt recieve the land they were promised at the treaty of london
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What was the treaty called that gave the Italians a mutilated victory?
The Treaty of St Germain, 1919
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What does Biennio Rosso mean and when was it?
The 2 red years, from 1919-1920
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Give 5 of D'Annunzio's ideologys or symbols
Black shirts, speeches from a balcony, roman salute, the use of castor oil to humiliate opponents and war cries
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who formed a coalition in 1919 after the election
the Liberals and the Catholics
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in 1919 were the fascists a left or right wing party?
left wing
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In 1921 were the Fascists a left or right wing party and who did they appeal to?
Right wing and they appealed to the nationalists
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What groups of people supported Fascism?
Ex soldiers, the petty bourgeosie, nationalists and the elite
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When was the March on Rome/
October 1922
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Who did Mussolini need to control when he was in power?
squadristi, socialists, catholics, the press, the king and the south of Italy
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what was the Acerbo law?
it changed the proportional representation system and meant that a party who recieved 25% of the votes would get 2 thirds of the seats
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What effect did the Acerbo law have on the 1924 election?
it secured mussolinis place in governement and gave the fascists most of the seats
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When was the Matteotti crisis?
1924
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what was the Rocco law?
it prevented strikes
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what effect did the Lateran pact have?
it restored relations with the catholic church
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What was the rule by personal decree?
it limits the kings power and therefore mussolini has more control
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what does autarky mean?
self sufficiency
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what were mussolini's social aims?
to prepare for war, create a nation of strong Fascists, consolidate support, create loyal followers
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What were mussolinis foreign poilcy aims?
to expand in to the medeterranean, to spread fascism, to make italy 'great respected and feared' to gain an empire and to expand in to the balkans
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When was the Libya war?
from 1912-1932
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what was the Kellogg-Briand pact
in 1928, signed by many countries stating to war would occur in Europe
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what was the Stresa front?
in 1935, Italy France and Britian protested against germanys rearmament
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What was the pact of steel?
in 1939, italy and germany made a pact to help each other in the event of a war
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what did Italy do when the war came?
they initially remained neutral, angering hitler
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Give 3 political weaknesses

Back

politicians were middle class and didnt represent the masses, no clearly defined parties and only elites could vote

Card 3

Front

How many prime ministers were there in 52 years?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Give 3 economic weaknesses

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Problems with the north south divide

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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