Muscular System

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What is a tendon?
Connective tissue which attaches bone to muscle
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What is an agonist?
Muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint
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What is an antagonist?
Muscle that opposes movement of the agonist
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What is a fixator?
A muscle which stabilizes a joint during movement
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What is an isotonic muscle contraction?
Contraction where muscle changes length
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What are the two types of isotonic muscle contraction?
Concentric and Eccentric
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What is an isotonic concentric contraction?
Muscle shortens to pull two bones closer together
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What is an isotonic eccentric contraction?
Muscle lengthens to resist force
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What is an isometric contraction?
When a muscle contracts but doesn't change length
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What movement occurs in the foot?
Dorsi flexion, plantar flexion
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What movement occurs in the knee?
Flexion, extension
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What movement occurs in the hip?
Flexion, extension, adductor, abductor
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What movement occurs in the shoulder?
Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, horizontal flexion, horizontal extension
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What is a motor unit?
Motor neuron is connected to multiple muscle fibres
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What is a motor neuron?
Specialized cells which transit nerve impulses
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What is an action potential?
Electrical charge in nerve and muscle cells which carries nerve impulse down the neuron
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What is the neuromuscular junction?
Where the axon meets the muscle fibre
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What does an action potential need to cross a synaptic clef?
Enough neurotransmitter
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What is the all or nothing law?
Muscle contraction will only occur if there is enough neurotransmitter
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Name the 3 types of muscle fibre types
Slow oxidative, fast oxidative glycolytic, fast gylcolytic
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What are some characteristics of a slow oxidative fibre?
Slow contraction speed, high aerobic capacity, high fatigue resistance, high capillary density, high myoglobin content
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What are some characteristics of a fast oxidative glycolytic fibre?
High capillary density, high phosphocreatine stores, fast contraction speed, moderate aerobic & anaerobic capacity, moderate fatigue resistance
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What are some characteristics of a fast glycolytic fibre?
Low capillary density, high phosphocreatine stores, fast contraction speed, high anaerobic capacity, low fatigue resistance
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Give a sporting example of a slow oxidative fibre
Marathon
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Give a sporting example of a fast oxidative glycolytic fibre
800m
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Give a sporting example of a fast glycolytic fibre
100m sprint
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is an agonist?

Back

Muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint

Card 3

Front

What is an antagonist?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a fixator?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is an isotonic muscle contraction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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