movement in and out of cell

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nucleus
contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
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cytoplasm
most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes
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cell membrane
controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
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mitochondria
most energy is released by respiration here
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ribosomes
protein synthesis happens here
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cell wall
only for plants, cell wall made up of cellulose
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choloroplast
(plant) contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
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permanent vacuole
(plant) filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid
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diffusion
The movement of particles (molecules or ions)from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
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osmosis
the movement of particles including water from high concentration water potential to low concentration water potential through a partially permeable membrane.
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Bacteria:
single-celled organisms that have no true nucleus they don't have organelles.
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viruses
hard group to place, because they don't show typical features of living things 'ringer'. Most viruses cause disease.
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fungi
fungi have a cell wall made up of a mixture of substances including chitin. THe cytoplasm contains many organelles. It feeds by saprotrophic nutrition (feeds of dead things)
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plants
Plants are atotrophs. Plants all have the light-containg pigment, cholorphyll inside the cell. they are divide into, algae, mosses, ferns, and plant seeds.
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animals
animals are split up into two main groups, invertebrates and vertebrates.
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invertabrates
invertebrates are split up into, nematodes, annelids, mollusks and arthropods (insects, arachnids, myriapods and crustacean)
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vertabrates
are split up into, fish, mammals, birds, reptiles, mammals and amphibians
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specialised cells
there are different types of cells, some are specialized such as, red blood cells, muscle cells, ciliated cell, motor nerve cells, root hair cells and Xylem cells.
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different ways of moving in and out of cells are..
diffusion, osmosis, active transport and sometimes phagocytosis.
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active transport
can move molecules against concentration gradient. requires energy. involves protein molecules called CARRIERS.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes

Back

cytoplasm

Card 3

Front

controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

most energy is released by respiration here

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

protein synthesis happens here

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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