-Philippines (LIC)
-June 1991
-Mt. Pinatubo had been inactive for 600 years
-Philippine x Pacific plate
-Destructive margin
1 of 11
Nature of event
-Build up across April, eruption in June 1991
-major eruption produced 19km ash cloud and 30km of steam rising
-Pyroclastic flow
-Lahars produced due to rain
-Ash fell in a 600km radius
2 of 11
Social impacts
-200,000 evacuated
-2 million affected by the results of the eruption
-Road and communications cut off
3 of 11
Economic impacts
-80,000 hectares of farmland buried
-600,000 jobs lost
-1 million farm animals lost
-1991 harvest destroyed
-infrastructure (e.g. hospitals, school, factories) destroyed
4 of 11
Demographic impacts
-300 deaths caused by collapsing buildings
-77 deaths caused by lahars
-700 deaths deaths due to malaria and poor sanitation in camps
5 of 11
Environmental impacts
-1991 harvest lost
-soils were destroyed so they could not replant seeds for the 1992 harvest
6 of 11
Perception/awareness
-Government was supported by USA because of the US Clarke airbase
-US and Philippine scientists worked together
-Hazard map and evacuation plan created
-Local authority and air force coordinated approach to the disaster
7 of 11
Level of Vulnerability
-despite being LIC, the level of vulnerability was lower due to US support
-Experienced seismologists and technology was available to monitor Mt. Pinatubo
8 of 11
Management strategies used
-Seismographs and observatory established 3 months prior
-Hazard map drawn up 2 weeks prior
-Alert 3 set 3 weeks before, alert 4 set up 1 week before
-30km evacuation zone set up 3 days prior
9 of 11
Level of economic development
-LIC
-response behaved more like an LIC as a result of US support
-Clarke airbase on Mt. Pinatubo meant that scientific, organizational and monetary support was given
10 of 11
Technology available
-Mountain covered in seismographs, tilt meters and remote sensing equipment
-Observatory point set up
-Hazard map drawn using IT systems
Technology helped inform evacuation
11 of 11
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
-Build up across April, eruption in June 1991
-major eruption produced 19km ash cloud and 30km of steam rising
-Pyroclastic flow
-Lahars produced due to rain
-Ash fell in a 600km radius
Back
Nature of event
Card 3
Front
-200,000 evacuated
-2 million affected by the results of the eruption
-Road and communications cut off
Back
Card 4
Front
-80,000 hectares of farmland buried
-600,000 jobs lost
-1 million farm animals lost
-1991 harvest destroyed
-infrastructure (e.g. hospitals, school, factories) destroyed
Back
Card 5
Front
-300 deaths caused by collapsing buildings
-77 deaths caused by lahars
-700 deaths deaths due to malaria and poor sanitation in camps
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