Which cranial nerves are involved in the medial brain stem pathway?
Occulomotor (III), trochlear (IV) and abducens (VI).
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Which cranial nerves are involved in the lateral brain stem pathway?
Trigeminal (V), facial (VII), vestibulocochlear (VIII) and hypoglossal (XII).
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Where do the corticospinal axons decussate?
Three quarters decussate at the boundary of the medulla and spinal cord (lateral corticospinal tracts) and the other quarter remain uncrossed (ventral corticospinal tracts).
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Which two regions of the brain are critical in controlling motor function?
Cerebellum and basal ganglia.
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What is the function of the cerebellum?
Receives inputs from proprioceptive afferents, improves the accuracy of movements by acting directly on brain stem, influence output from the motor cortex.
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What is the function of the basal ganglia?
Critically important in the planning of motor events. Receive inputs from the cerebral cortex and project info back to prefrontal, premotor or motor cortices.
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What does the basal ganglia consist of?
Caudate nucleus and putamen (combine to form striatum), globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra.
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What do abnormalities of the basal ganglia result in?
Very characteristic motor abnormalities. Tremor and involuntary movements, changes in posture and muscle tone, poverty and slowness of movement.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Which cranial nerves are involved in the lateral brain stem pathway?
Back
Trigeminal (V), facial (VII), vestibulocochlear (VIII) and hypoglossal (XII).
Card 3
Front
Where do the corticospinal axons decussate?
Back
Card 4
Front
Which two regions of the brain are critical in controlling motor function?
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