Cyclotrons 0.0 / 5 ? PhysicsForces and MotionGCSEEdexcel Created by: errolshineCreated on: 23-02-15 11:51 What is velocity? The speed and direction of an object. 1 of 18 What happens when an object is travelling in a circle? It is constantly changing direction, which means that it is accelerating. 2 of 18 What does this therefore mean? This means that there is a resultant force acting on the object, 3 of 18 Where does the resultant force act? It acts towards the centre of the circle. 4 of 18 What is the force that keeps something moving? The centripetal force (keeps it going round in a circle) 5 of 18 What happens to a charged particle in a magnetic field? It will experience a force that is perpendicular to its direction of travel. 6 of 18 What does this force do? It makes the particle form a curved track. 7 of 18 What does the direction of the particle depend on? The direction depends on the particle's charge. 8 of 18 The paths of positive and negative particles curve... in opposite directions. 9 of 18 What happens when the particles lose energy? They slow down and interact with other particles, causing the particles to move in spirals. 10 of 18 The less energy the particle has... the more curved its path will be. 11 of 18 What are magnetic fields used to make? They make charged particles move in circular or spiral paths in particle accelerators. 12 of 18 What is a cyclotron? It is a particle accelerator which uses a magnetic field to accelerate particles to very high energies along circular paths. 13 of 18 Where do the charged particles start? At the centre of the cyclotron 14 of 18 How does the cyclotron work? It uses two hollow semicircular electrodes to accelerate the particles across a gap. 15 of 18 What is applied between the electrodes? An alternating potential difference. 16 of 18 What happens as the particles are attracted from one side to another? The particles energy increases. 17 of 18 What does the magnetic field do? It keeps the particles moving in a circular motion and makes the particles spiral outwards as their energy increases. 18 of 18
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