Momentum

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  • Created by: zayeed99
  • Created on: 02-05-18 17:46
What is linear momentum?
The linear momentum of a body is defined as the product of its mass and its velocity
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Newton’s Second Law states:
The rate of change of (linear) momentum of an object is proportional to the resultant force that acts upon it. Resultant force = rate of change of momentum
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Impulse
The impulse of a constant force is given by: impulse (Ns) = force(N) * time for which it acts (s). Impulse = change of momentum
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The principle of conservation of linear momentum states that:
The total linear momentum of a system of interacting bodies remains constant, providing no external forces are acting.
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Using Conservation of Momentum
Conservation of momentum is used when the bodies involved are free to move. You would not use it for the collision between an object and a wall, say, because the wall is not free to move.
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Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
(1) A (perfectly) elastic collision is one in which kinetic energy is conserved (2) An inelastic collision is one in which some kinetic energy is lost (3) A totally inelastic collision is one in which the bodies stick together after impact
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Perfect elastic collision
perfectly elastic collisions are very rare – almost all collisions make some noise. But hard objects – like pool balls – will be closer to having elastic collisions than soft objects, because when soft objects collide, energy is used in deforming the
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Explain why an egg is more likely to break when dropped onto a concrete floor rather than onto a carpet?
Change in momentum as the egg comes to rest is the same for each surface, but the time taken to decelerate is greater with the carpet. Ft = Δp predicts that for Δp fixed, a greater time of contact will mean a smaller force applied to the eggs.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The rate of change of (linear) momentum of an object is proportional to the resultant force that acts upon it. Resultant force = rate of change of momentum

Back

Newton’s Second Law states:

Card 3

Front

The impulse of a constant force is given by: impulse (Ns) = force(N) * time for which it acts (s). Impulse = change of momentum

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The total linear momentum of a system of interacting bodies remains constant, providing no external forces are acting.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Conservation of momentum is used when the bodies involved are free to move. You would not use it for the collision between an object and a wall, say, because the wall is not free to move.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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