Molecular Bonding

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What is a covalent bond?
When electrons are shared between atoms to fill up there outer shells. These bonds are very strong.
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What is a condensation reaction?
When two molecules are joined together with the removal of water.
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What is a hydrolysis reaction?
When a molecule is split into two smaller molecules with the addition of water.
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What are monomers?
Small molecules that are joined together by condensation reactions to form polymers.
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What are polymers?
A large molecule made of many smaller molecules (monomers). Hydrolysis can cause monomers to break away from polymers.
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What elements are carbohydrates made from?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O).
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What are the monomers of carbohydrates called?
Monosaccharides (e.g. glucose)
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What are the polymers of carbohydrates called?
Polysaccharides (e.g. starch)
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What elements are proteins made from?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N) and Sulfur (S)
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What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino acids.
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What are the polymers of protein?
Polypeptides and proteins.
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What elements are nucleic acids made from?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P).
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What are monomers of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides.
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What are the polymers of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA.
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What are hydrogen bonds?
A weak interaction that occurs between polar molecules.
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How do molecules become polar?
The hydrogen becomes slightly positive and the other atom slightly negative because the other atom has more protons in its nucleus and therefore is slightly more likely to attract electrons.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a condensation reaction?

Back

When two molecules are joined together with the removal of water.

Card 3

Front

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are monomers?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are polymers?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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