Models of Memory

Creators of the Multi-Store Memory model

Atkinson and Shriffin

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Information in the Multi-Store Memroy model is first registered in the...

Sensory memory store

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Information stays in the sensory memory store briefly before...

Decaying or passing into short-term memory

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Short-term memory capacity

7+/-2 items

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Short-term memory duration

18 seconds

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In order for information to be passed from the short-term memory to the long-term memory, information must be...

Rehearsed

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Long-term memory capacity

Unlimited

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Long-term memory duration

Forever

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STM encoding

Mainly acoustic

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LTM encoding

Mainly semantic

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Evidence for sensory memory

Sperling (1960)

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Evidence for functional dissociation

Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)

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Evidence for STM duration

Peterson and Peterson (1959)

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Evidence for STM encoding

Conrad (1964)

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Evidence for LTM encoding

Baddeley (1966)

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Important contributions made to memory research

Strenghts of Multi-Store Memory model

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Simplified, does not take into account the relevancy of information, suggests that repetition is the most important part of transferring information from STM to LTM, suggests a one-way processing system, the evidence comes from artificial lab studies

Weaknesses of Multi-Story Memory model

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Creators of the Working-Memory Model

Baddeley and Hitch

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Limited capacity, responsible for a range of control processes such as setting task goals, monitoring errors, starting the rehearsal process, switching attention between tasks, inhibiting irrelevant information and retrieving information

Central executive

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Limited capacity, temporary storage system for holding verbal information (split into phonological store and articulatory loop)

Phonological loop

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Limited capacity, temporary storage system for holding visual and spatial information (split into inner scribe and visual cache)

Visuospatial sketchpad

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Evidence for phonological loop

Baddeley, Thomson and Buchanan (1975)

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Evidence for visuospatial sketchpad

Baddeley, Grant, Wight and Thomson (1973

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Much more plausible and detailed that the Multi-Store model, can be applied to previous research data, can account for individual difference in memory processing and can be applied to real-life setting

Strenghts of Working Memory model

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Does not offer a complete understanding of how memory works, does not account for musical memory

Weaknesses of Working Memory model

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Models of Memory

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