The process of cells dividing to produce two diploid daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent
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What is Mitosis important for?
-Growth -Repair -Regeneration -Asexual Reproduction in plants and some animal -Binary Fusion
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How Can Cancer Tumours Grow?
Cells can sometimes turn into cancer cells, which means they undergo uncontrollable cell division.This rapid cell division produces lump of cells called Tumours and can damage the body and result in death
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What happens in Interphase?
The chromosome are copied
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What happens in Prophase?
Spindle Fibres form in the nuclear membrane start to appear
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What happens in Metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
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What happens in Anaphase?
The chromosomes are pulled apart by the spindle fibres
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What happens in Telophase?
The nuclei starts reform
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What happens in Cytokenesis?
A cell membrane divides the cell
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What is meant by Growth?
An increase in number of size of cells.
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How can growth be measure?
Takeing measurements of length or mass
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What is Differentiation?
The process that changes less specialised cell to a more specialised cell
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What is the function of a human blood cell?
Carry oxygen
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How is it specialised?
No nucleus, more space for red haemoglobin molecules.It also has a large surface are so diffusion happens faster
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What is the Function of a fat cell?
Insulates body and protects vital organs
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How is it specialised?
Contains large fat droplets .The fat is stored until the body needs it
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What is the function of Nerve cell?
Crries electrical impulse around the body and many connections to other neurons
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How is it specialised?
Have long fibres
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How are muscle cells specialised?
contain special contractile proteins that can shorten cell
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How is the growth in plant measured?
-Height -Leaf surface area -Mass
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What is meant by Meristems?
A small area of undifferentiated cells in a plant where cells are dividing rapidly by mitosis
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What is elongation?
When something gets longer e.g cell in a plant root or shoot before it differentiates into specialised cells
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How do you work out change in percentages?
Final value-Starting Value/Starting Value x 100
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What is a stem cell?
An undifferentiated cell that has the ability to become a specialised cell they can replicate indefinitely
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What are the two types of stem cells?
Embryonic cell and Adult stem cell
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Where is the Embryonic cell come from?
It is taken from human embryo that has been discarded during IVF treatment
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Where is the Adult stem cell taken from?
Bone Marrow stem cell that have the ability to differentiate into any type of blood cell
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What are advantages of Stem Cells?
-Cells based therapies use stem cells to replace or rejuvenate damaged tissue/organ -For Drug discovery create human organs and see how they respond to drugs -Increase knowledge about human growth and cell development
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What are the disadvantages of Stem cells?
-It is considered immoral and unacceptable because the cell has potential to become a human life -It's unknown what the long term effect of such interference with nature could materialise
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What are the other disadvantages of Stem Cells?
-They are not derived from the patients own body therefore the body can reject it -Can cause cancer
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is Mitosis important for?
Back
-Growth -Repair -Regeneration -Asexual Reproduction in plants and some animal -Binary Fusion
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