The interphase is G1-G2. the G1 (first gap phase) a vairety of proteins are produced for DNA replication. The S phase is the synthesis of DNA and chromosomes. The G2 phase is the second gap phase where the cell produces a variety of more proteins
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What stage of mitosis is the longest?
The cell remains in the interphase the longest, where the DNA is being replicated and the cell is using up all its nutrients as well as going through metabolic processes
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What does the G in G1 stand for?
The gap phase
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How many chromatids are present after the "s" phase
There are 92 chromatids as originally there were 46 before they were doubled
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What is the second stage of mitosis?
The second stage of mitosis is the prophase
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What happens during the "early" prophase?
During the early prophase the chromosomes begin to condense, the nucleolus degrades and the mitotic spindle begins to form
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What happens during the "late" prophase?
During the late prophase the nuclear envelope completely degrades, the chromosomes stop condensing and the kinetochores form
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What are kinteochores?
Kinteochores are a type of microtubule
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Where do kinetchores attach?
Kintechores attach to the centromere - small protein part of the central section of chromosomes
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What happens during the metaphase?
The metaphase is the third step during mitosis. This is where the chromatids align at the cell meaplate (equator). The chromosomes are held in tension by kintechores which are attached to microtubules that move into the nuclear region
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What occurs during the anaphase?
During the anaphase the sister chromatids get seperated as the glue that holds them together is broken down. As a result the kinetochores shorten. The microtubules are no longer attached to the chromsomes and push the chromatids appart
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What is cytokinesis?
The final stage of mitosis
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What occurs during the telophase?
The telophase is the complete seperation of cells. The chromosomes align at opposite poles of the cell and 2 nuclei reappear. As well as this the microtubules disappear
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What occurs during cytokinesis?
The membrane splits cellular strucutre known as a contractile ring and so a cleavage furrow forms. The cleavage furrow deepens until it forms remains of microtubules.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why does mitosis occur?
Back
Mitosis can occur as a result of cancer, as well as for repair of older cells and growth
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