mitosis

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chromatids=
replicates of chromosomes
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cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm of a cell following nuclear division
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mitosis
type of nuclear division that produces daughter cells genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell.
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3 reasons for mitosis
Asexual reproduction; growth; tissue repair
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Asexual reproduction
unicellular protoctists (amoeba and paramecium) divide by mitosis to produce new individuals. some use runners.
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growth
all multicellular organisms grow by producing more cells by mitosis.
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tissue repair
wound heal when groeth factors, secreted by platelets and macrophages (WBC) and dmaged cells of the blood-vessel walls, stimulate the proliferation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells to repaired damaged WBC.
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4 stages of mitosis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
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cytokinesis animal vs plant cells
animal - the plasma membrane folds inwards and 'nips in' the cytoplasm. plant - an end plate forms where the equator of the spindle was, and new plasma membrane and cellulose wall material are laid down on either side along the end plate.
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prophase
chromatin condenses; spindle fibres form; the nuclear enevlope breaks down; chromosomes shorten and thicken as the DNA supercoils.
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metaphase
spindle fibres attatch; chromosomes align; attatch to spindle equator by the centromere.
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anaphase
centromeres cleave; chromatids seperate; motor proteins pull them apart; 'v' shaped chromatids form.
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telophase
new nuclear envelope forms; chromosomes unfold; each cell contains its own nuclei.
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allele
different forms of the same gene.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

division of the cytoplasm of a cell following nuclear division

Back

cytokinesis

Card 3

Front

type of nuclear division that produces daughter cells genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Asexual reproduction; growth; tissue repair

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

unicellular protoctists (amoeba and paramecium) divide by mitosis to produce new individuals. some use runners.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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