Believed that the body and soul are one- Aristotle
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What is a materialist? Who is one?
we are just physical bodies- dawkins, Ryle
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who is a soft materialist?
Hick
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what is a Dualist? who is one?
body and soul are different.- Plato
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What is a substance dualist? who is one?
body and soul are two different substances- Descartes
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What did Plato believe about the mind and body?
They are in opposition, the mind wants to gain true knowledge and go to the world of forms but the body distracts it with sensory pleasures
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What did Plato believe about the body?
He believed that it was immortal and unchanging and was the guiding factor of the body
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What did plato believe happened to the body after death?
The soul is seperate to the body so will ascend to the world of forms
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What was Platos charioteer analogy?
Reason tries to guide the two horses (spirit and will) but they can become carried away
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What was Plato's cycle of opposites?
everything seems to have an opposite so life must follow death
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What is Plato's argument from knowledge?
Learning is just recollecting so we must have encountered the forms before
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What is Plato's argument from affinity?
the soul shares characteristics with the forms so by affinity must share immortality
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What did Aristotle believe about the body and soul?
He believed that the soul cannot survive death as it is inseperable from the body
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What was Aristotles analogy of the wax seal?
He believed that the body and soul are inseperable and both parts are important like both the wax and the mould is important to a wax seal
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What did Aristotle believe about reason?
Humans have reason within their souls, and reason is possibly eternal and lives on as some sort of free thought
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What did Hick believe about the body and soul?
The soul is formed through interaction with the environment, when we are born we are born as a blank canvas, the soul is a non physical entity and each person is psychophysical
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What did Descartes think about the Mind and Body?
The mind is sense consious and non spatial but the body is spatial and non-sense consious, he believes that both of these interact at the pineal gland
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Why did Descartes think the body and doul were seperate?
He could think of himself without a body but couldnt deny he was thinking.... "i think therefore i am"
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What did Descartes believe happened to our soul when we die?
It moves on to God
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What did Dawkins believe about humans and purpose?
He believed that humas were nothing more than the sum of their DNA, the search for purpose is "an exagrated form of a nearly universal delusion"
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What did Dawkins believe about the soul?
it is a mythological concept invented by acients who lacked understanding, it is not the soul that gives us our individualty its our genes
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What was Dawkins idea on the two souls?
soul one= viral infecion? mysterious gift soul two= it has greater value as it has intelectual power
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What did Dawkins believe happened after death?
Nothing can survive after death, accept memories, When a persons body die they will die as there is nothing left of them to continue on living
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What did Ryle Believe?
He believed in "the ghost within the machine". the soul is not a seperate thing but just a name we give to our characteristics?
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What was Dawkins Analogy on the foreigner?
If we show a foreigner everything involved in a sport but still asks "where is the team spirit" he is wrong to believe that the team spirit is anything seperate to what he has seen
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What do christians believe about the soul?
The soul is the mind and spirit of the person, it can either be given at the moment of conception or passed down, people have souls to be set apart from other life forms
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