Microbiology - Key words

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Pathogenesis
The development process of disease
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Congenital
Present from birth
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Prognosis
Forecast of the probable outcome of a disease
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Aetiology
The study of the initial cause of disease
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Lesion
A recognisable abnormality
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Hereditary
Transferred genetically from parent to offspring
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Pathology
The study of disease
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Diagnosis
To identify a disease accurately
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Infection
Invasion and multiplication of micro-organisms
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Disease
Manifestation of abnormal biology
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Virulence
The ability of a pathogen to cause disease once in a host
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Non-infectious
Not caused by micro-organisms
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Pathogenicity
The ability of a pathogen to cause disease
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Microbiology
The study of micro-organisms
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Prokaryote
A uni-cellular organism lacking in a true nucleus and nuclear membrane having genetic material composed of a single loop of naked double stranded DNA
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Eukaryote
An organism whose cells have a true nucleus bounded by a nuclear membrane which contains chromosomes
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Culture
To grow in or on a controlled or defined medium
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Permissive
Allow growth of whatever organisms are present
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Defined Medium
Synthesised from the individual chemicals required by the organism so the exact molecular composition is known. This type of medium is required if research is to be done regarding the amount of nutrient used by a bacterial growth.
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Undefined Medium 1
Made up of natural products such a yeast extract or nutrient broth, precise composition is unknown.
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Undefined Medium 2
Commonly used in clinical microbiology where there is no need to know the precise composition of the media as long as growth of the micro-organism is achieved.
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Selective (restricted)
Only allow the growth of particular organisms and restricting the growth of others
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Differential
Showing the difference between bacteria
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Enriched Media
Additional nutrients have been added to encourage growth of bacteria
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Blood agar
Enriched media & Differential media
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Haemolysis
The breaking open or lysis of red blood cells
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Alpha- heamolysis
Only partial haemolysis. Green band around the colony
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Beta- haemolysis
Complete haemolysis. Transparent band around the bacterial colony
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Gamma-haemolysis
Non-haemolysis. Lack of haemolytic activity
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MacConkeys
Selective and differential. Only grown gram -ve bacteria
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Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)
Selective and differential. High salt content (7.5%). pH indicator (Phenol red)
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Brilliant Green Agar
Selective and differential. Inhibits growth of Gram +ve and majority of gram -ve. Phenol red acts as pH indicator
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Present from birth

Back

Congenital

Card 3

Front

Forecast of the probable outcome of a disease

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The study of the initial cause of disease

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A recognisable abnormality

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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