Microbial Impacts on the Biosphere 0.0 / 5 ? zoologyMicrobiologyPrinciples of Life UniversityNone Created by: Omar-uniCreated on: 05-03-20 19:15 What are the 4 categories of Prokaryotes based upon method of obtaining energy and carbon? Phototrophs, Chemotrophs, Autotrophs, Heterotrophs 1 of 27 How do Heterotrophs obtain energy and carbon? They require an organic nutrient to make organic compounds 2 of 27 What are the 4 major modes of Nutrition? Photoautotrophy, Chemoautotrophy, Photoheterotrophy, Chemoheterotrophy 3 of 27 How do obligate anaerobes metabolise? By Fermentation or anaerobic respiration 4 of 27 How do Facultative anaerobes metabolise? With or without oxygen 5 of 27 What is Nitrogen used to produce? Amino and Nucleic acids 6 of 27 What is the most stable form of nitrogen? N2 GAS 7 of 27 What is Nitrogen fixation? Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3) 8 of 27 What is metabolic cooperation? Cooperation between prokaryotes allowing the use of environmental resources they couldn't use as individuals 9 of 27 What are Nitrogen fixing cells known as? Heterocysts 10 of 27 What are Biofilms? Surface coating colonies 11 of 27 What are the 4 reasons to use Ribosomal RNA as a marker for Phylogenetic analysis? Universally distributed, Functionally constant, Highly conserved , Good length for inferring phylogeny 12 of 27 What obscures the root of the tree of life? Horizontal gene transfer between prokaryotes 13 of 27 What are the 5 groups of Proteobacteria? Alphae, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon 14 of 27 What are Chlamydias? Bacteria that are parasites living within animal cells 15 of 27 What is Cyanobacteria? Photoautotrophs that generate oxygen 16 of 27 What is Mutualism? When both symbiotic organisms benefit 17 of 27 Where do Methanogens live? In swamps and marshes 18 of 27 What do Methanogens produce as a waste product? Methane 19 of 27 Are Methanogens anaerobic or aerobic? Strict anaerobes 20 of 27 What is Symbiosis? An ecological relationship in which two species live in close contact: a larger HOST and a smaller SYMBIONT 21 of 27 What is Commensalism? When one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited 22 of 27 What is Parasitism? An organism called a parasite that harms but doesn't kill a host 23 of 27 What is a pathogen? Parasites that cause disease 24 of 27 What are Exotoxins? Secretions that cause disease even if the prokaryotes that produce them are not present 25 of 27 When are Endotoxins released? Only when bacteria die and their cell walls breakdown 26 of 27 What is Bioremediation? The use of organisms to remove pollutants from the environment 27 of 27
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