Metals and their uses.

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What are alloys?
A mixture of different atoms/elements added to a metal. The structure is distort because of the different size atoms. Alloys are strong because they cannot slide.
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What are the metals in the reactivity series? (From most reactive to least reactive)
Potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, (carbon), zinc, iron, lead, copper, silver, gold, (platinum) {please send charlies monkeys and zebras in lead cages... silver gold}
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What metals are extracted by using the electrolysis method? And what is used to extract it?
Potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, & aluminium. Electricity is used to extract it, because its too reactive to be extracted by carbon. Carbon is less reactive.
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What metals are extracted by using the reduction method? And what is used to extract it?
Zinc, iron, lead, copper, silver, gold, and platinum. Carbon is used since carbon is more reactive than these metals.
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What are silver and gold called?
Native/pure.
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What is aluminium used for? Why?
Aeroplanes because aluminium is light and malleable. Its extracted by electrolysis.
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What is titanium used for? Why?
Hip replacements because its light, strong, and non reactive.
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What does PANIC stand for?
Positive is Anode, Negative Is Cathode.
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What does OIL RIG stand for?
Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.
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Describe how the charges attract.
Negative attracts positive, and positive attracts negative.
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What are the 3 examples of alloys?
Steel, Bronze and Brass.
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What is the kroll process?
Titanium oxide + Hydrochloride →Titanium chloride + Water, Titanium chloride + magnesium → Titanium + Magnesium chloride.
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What are the processes to extract copper? When do we use them?
Oils that are low in copper we extract them by phytomining/bioleaching, oils high in copper we extract them by smelting.
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Describe the process of process of phytomining.
Some plants absorb copper when they grow through their roots. The copper is then concentrated, the plants can then be burned to produce ash that contains copper compounds.
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What are the advantages/disadvantages of phytomining?
The disadvantages are that it is a long process, expensive, and there will be a demand of farm land due to the need of growing more plants. Advantages are that its renewable, doesn't harm habitat - nothing is burnt + large amounts of copper extracted
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Describe process of bioleaching.
Some bacteria feeds in nutrients in minerals - separating copper that leaves the organisms system. Copper can be then collected in a solution.
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What are the advantages/disadvantages of bioleaching?
A disadvantage is, its a slow process, only a small amount of copper extracted, + its a slow process releases acid in local ground water. Advantages are that doesn't harm environment, (nothing gets burnt) its renewable, and its cheap.
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Describe the process of smelting.
Oils high in copper are extracted by smelting. Heating copper ores in a furnace is the process of smelting. Copper is then purified by electrolysis.
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Describe copper.
Copper is soft and easily bent and so is a good conductor of electricity, copper is also a good conductor of heat.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the metals in the reactivity series? (From most reactive to least reactive)

Back

Potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, (carbon), zinc, iron, lead, copper, silver, gold, (platinum) {please send charlies monkeys and zebras in lead cages... silver gold}

Card 3

Front

What metals are extracted by using the electrolysis method? And what is used to extract it?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What metals are extracted by using the reduction method? And what is used to extract it?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are silver and gold called?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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