Metals and alloys

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  • Created by: korin
  • Created on: 08-06-13 22:49
Where are non metals on the periodic table?
The far right
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What are the properties of metals?
Strong, conductors of heat and electricity, can be hammered into shape
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Where are transition metals found?
In the centre block of the periodic table
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What is made from metals because they are strong but bendy?
Bridges and car bodies
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What is made from metals because they are good conductors of heat
Saucepan bases
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What is made from metals because they are good conductors of electricity
Electrical wires
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What is copper used for and why?
Electrical wires-conductor of electricity, hard & strong but can be bent
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What is aluminium used for and why?
Aeroplane-light, forms strong alloys, corrosion resistant, low density,bent into shape
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What is titanium used for and why?
Replacement hips-low density, corrosion resistant, light, not too bendy
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What are the problems with some metals and what is done to limit these problems happening?
They corrode (lose strength & hardness) when exposed to air & water-protected by painted and they get tired (metal fatigue) and leads to them breaking which is dangerous
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What is an alloy?
2 metals or a metal and a non metal mixed together
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Why do people add things to metals to make an alloy?
To get the exact properties they want
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Is all iron, straight from the blast furnace, pure iron?
No. Only 96% ( the rest is impurities eg carbon)
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Is this iron used for anything?
Only ornamental railings as it is brittle
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What is wrong with the iron if all the impurities are removed?
It has a regular arrangement of identical atone so the layers can slide over each other which makes it soft and easily shaped-far too bendy for most uses
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So what happens to the iron
It is changed into alloys called steels (eg small amounts of carbon or sometimes other metals)
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What are the properties and uses of low carbon steel (0.1% carbon)?
Easily shaped-car bodies
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What are the properties and uses of high carbon steel (0.1% carbon)?
Very hard, inflexible-blades for cutting tools, bridges
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What are the properties and uses of stainless steel (chromium added and sometimes nickel)?
Corrosion resistant-cutlery, containers for corrosive substances
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Are alloys harder or softer than pure metals and why?
Harder-different sized atoms upset the layers making it difficult for them to slide over each other
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Give some examples of alloys and their uses
Bronze (copper & tin)- harder- medals and statues. Cupronickel (copper & nickel)- hard & corrosive resistant-silver coins. Gold alloys (zinc, copper, silver, palladium, nickel)-harden-jewellery. Aluminium alloys-make stronger-aircraft
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How were alloys developed in the past and how has that changed
Trial and error. Now we understand much more about properties of metals so alloys can be designed for specific uses
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the properties of metals?

Back

Strong, conductors of heat and electricity, can be hammered into shape

Card 3

Front

Where are transition metals found?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is made from metals because they are strong but bendy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is made from metals because they are good conductors of heat

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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