Metabolism and Survival

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What is cell metabolism
Biochemical reaction that occur within a cell
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What is a Metabolic pathway
Biochemical processes upon which life depends on
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What is a catabolic pathway
Catabolic- Breakdown of complex molecules to simpler ones that release energy . E.G cellular respiration.
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What is a Anabolic pathway
Biosynthesis of complex molecules from smaller one that require energy. E.G protein synthesis
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What is activation energy
Energy needed to break chemical bounds in reactant chemicals
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What is transition state
When bonds break when molecules of reactant have absorbed enough energy to make them unstable
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What is Affinity
enzyme is specific to its subtrate & the molecules of subtrate are complementary to enzyme active site
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What is lactose
Sugar present in milk absorbed into the bloodstream
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What are poisons
Substance that can impair function & damage body fatally
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Toxins?
Poisonous substance produced by a living organism
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Venom?
Poisonous fluid secreted by snakes and scorpions
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Induced fit?
When molecule of substrate enters active site and shape of enzyme and active site change making active site closely fit round substrate molecule.
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Inhibiter
Decreased rate of enzyme activity
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Glycolysis
metabolic pathway that converts glucose to an intermedite metobolite called pryuvate at start of respiration
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Fluid mosaic model
highlights complexity of plasma membrane which is dynamic in nature
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Curare
Black resin produced by certain trees
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Paraquat
Chemical used as weedkiller
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Cyanide
when inhaled, very quickly stores body of energy by inhibiting enzymes located in mitochondria thats essential to produce ATP during aerobic respiration
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Reversable reaction
Can go A to B, and then B can then go back to A
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Irreversable reaction
Can only go one direction
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Channel (pore) proteins
Allow specific molecules to move through the membrane
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Carrier (pump) proteins
Act as carrier molecules which recognise specific ions & transfer them across the cell membrane
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What does the affinity of substrate molecules for an enzymes active site mean?
Chemical attraction between them
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What does rate of reaction mean
quantity of chemical change that occurs per unit time
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3 reasons why enzymes are refered as biological catalysts
1) Speed up chemical reactions 2) lower activation energy needed for chemical reaction to proceed 3) remain unchanged at end of reaction
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Why is it important that enzymes are compartmentalised in mitochondria
They can work in an integrated way
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Why its important that enzymes are compartmentalised in lyosomes
They do not bring about their digestive effect until required
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what does ATP require for its formation
ATP synthase
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Name 3 conditions that would affect the rate of active transport
Temperature, availability of oxygen and food as these affect rate of respiration
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Name process where different options are possible within metabolic pathway
Alternative pathway
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Give example of membrane bound organelle & name a metabolic pathway or reaction that takes place there
Chloroplast - Calvin cycle
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What do compartments do
Allow certain metabolic processes to be localised to a specific region
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Why is step 2 important to be reversable in glycolysis
If more intermediate 2 formed than cell needs for next step then some can be changed back into intermediate 1 and used in alternative pathway
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Why is step 1 of glycolysis important being irrevesable
Benefits cell by remaining a low concentration of glucose outside the cell therefore allow glucose outside cell to diffuse constantly into the cell
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a Metabolic pathway

Back

Biochemical processes upon which life depends on

Card 3

Front

What is a catabolic pathway

Back

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Card 4

Front

What is a Anabolic pathway

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is activation energy

Back

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