process of retaining learnt information and accessing when needed.
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Encoding
putting information into a meaningful form to be stored into memory.
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Retrieval
recovering information from memory.
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Duration & Capacity
amount of time information can be stored in memory and the amount of information that can be stored.
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LTM
Duration: found 90 percent accuracy of high school names 34 years after and 80 percent accuracy after 48 years. shows that duration is infinite. CAPACITY: potentially limitless and no way of measuring it.
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LTM
ENCODING: have participants lists. List C contains similar words and list D contains dissimilar words. It was found that ltm memory is encoding semantically (by meaning) as after 20 minutes, people recalled list D better.
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STM
DURATION: asked participants to count backwards from 100 in 3's. asked to repeat it after 3,6,9,12 and 18 seconds. it was found that accuracy was only 10 percent after 18 seconds.
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STM CAPACITY
asked participants to say a series of random numbers and letters put together. it was found that the average capacity a person could hold is between 5 and 9. participants recalled digits better than letters.
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chunking
putting digits or letters together. Miller said that a chunk of information is the same as one piece in STM. this is how we can recall phone numbers easier.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
putting information into a meaningful form to be stored into memory.
Back
Encoding
Card 3
Front
recovering information from memory.
Back
Card 4
Front
amount of time information can be stored in memory and the amount of information that can be stored.
Back
Card 5
Front
Duration: found 90 percent accuracy of high school names 34 years after and 80 percent accuracy after 48 years. shows that duration is infinite. CAPACITY: potentially limitless and no way of measuring it.
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